1. Kumvetsetsa Zoyambira za MACD
Mukamayang'ana mdziko lazamalonda, kumvetsetsa zizindikiro zaukadaulo ngati MACD (Kupita Avereji Convergence Divergence) ndiyofunikira. Chida ichi, chopangidwa ndi Gerald Appel kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, ndichotsatira chizindikiro champhamvu zomwe zikuwonetsa mgwirizano pakati pa magawo awiri osuntha a mtengo wachitetezo.
MACD ili ndi zigawo zitatu: mzere wa MACD, mzere wa chizindikiro, ndi histogram ya MACD. The MACD mzere ndi kusiyana pakati pa masiku 12 EMA (Zomwe Zimayendetsa Zofunika) ndi EMA ya masiku 26. The mzere wa chizindikiro, kawirikawiri EMA ya masiku 9 ya mzere wa MACD, imakhala ngati choyambitsa kugula ndi kugulitsa zizindikiro. Pomaliza, a MACD histogram imayimira kusiyana pakati pa mzere wa MACD ndi mzere wa chizindikiro, ndikupereka chithunzithunzi cha liwiro la kusintha kwa mtengo.
Kumvetsetsa momwe zinthuzi zimagwirira ntchito ndikofunikira pakutanthauzira MACD. Mzere wa MACD ukawoloka pamwamba pa mzere wa siginecha, nthawi zambiri umawonetsa kutukuka, kutanthauza kuti ikhoza kukhala nthawi yabwino yogula. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ngati mzere wa MACD udutsa pansi pa mzere wa chizindikiro, umasonyeza kusintha kwa bearish, mwinamwake kusonyeza nthawi yabwino yogulitsa.
MACD imathandizanso traders kuzindikira nsonga zobwerera. A kusiyana kwa bullish zimachitika pamene MACD imapanga zotsika ziwiri zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kutsika kuwiri pamtengo. Izi zitha kuwonetsa kusinthika kwamitengo komwe kungathe kukwera. A bearish divergence zimachitika pamene MACD imapanga maulendo awiri otsika omwe amafanana ndi kukwera kwapamwamba kawiri pamtengo, zomwe zingathe kuwonetsa kutsika kwa mtengo.
Ngakhale MACD ndi chida champhamvu, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti palibe chizindikiro chomwe chili chopusa. Nthawi zonse muzigwiritsa ntchito molumikizana ndi zida zina ndikusanthula kuti mupange zisankho zodziwika bwino zamalonda. Kuti mudziwe zambiri za MACD, ganizirani zinthu monga 'Technical Analysis of the Financial Markets' ndi John J. Murphy.
1.1. Kodi Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) ndi chiyani?
The Kusuntha Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) ndi chizindikiro chotsatira chomwe chikuwonetsa mgwirizano pakati pa magawo awiri osuntha a mtengo wachitetezo. MACD imawerengedwa pochotsa 26-period Exponential Moving Average (EMA) kuchokera ku EMA ya 12. Zotsatira za kuwerengera kumeneko ndi mzere wa MACD. EMA ya masiku asanu ndi anayi ya MACD, yotchedwa "signal line," imayikidwa pamwamba pa mzere wa MACD, womwe ukhoza kugwira ntchito ngati choyambitsa kugula ndi kugulitsa zizindikiro.
Traders ikhoza kugula chitetezo pamene MACD idutsa pamwamba pa mzere wake wa chizindikiro ndikugulitsa chitetezo pamene MACD idutsa pansi pa mzere wa chizindikiro. Zizindikiro za Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) zimatha kutanthauziridwa m'njira zingapo, koma njira zofala kwambiri ndi zodutsa, zosiyana, ndi kukwera / kugwa mofulumira.
Mwachitsanzo, MACD ikagwa pansi pa mzere wa chizindikiro, ndi chizindikiro cha bearish, chomwe chimasonyeza kuti ingakhale nthawi yogulitsa. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, MACD ikakwera pamwamba pa mzere wa chizindikiro, chizindikirochi chimapereka chizindikiro cha bullish, chomwe chimasonyeza kuti mtengo wa katunduyo ukhoza kukwera. Ena traders amadikirira mtanda wotsimikizika pamwamba pa mzere wa siginecha musanalowe pamalopo kuti mupewe "kutuluka" kapena kulowa pamalopo molawirira kwambiri.
Kusokoneza pakati pa MACD ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali ndi chizindikiro cholimba pamene chimatsimikizira zizindikiro za crossover. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mtengo wa MACD ukukwera pang'onopang'ono, koma mtengo ukutsika pang'onopang'ono, izi zitha kuwonetsa zomwe zikubwera.
Potsirizira pake, kukwera mofulumira (kapena kugwa) mu MACD kungasonyeze kugula mopambanitsa (kapena kuyang'anira), kupereka chizindikiro chotheka kuyang'ana kukonzanso mtengo kapena kukoka. Komabe, monga zisonyezo zonse zamsika, MACD siyopusitsa ndipo iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zizindikiro zina kupanga zisankho zomveka zamalonda.
MACD yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi traders kuyambira pomwe idapangidwa ndi Gerald Appel kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, ndipo ndi chifukwa chabwino. Kuthekera kwake kuzindikira zomwe zikusintha mwachangu, komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazizindikiro zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chida chosunthika mumtundu uliwonse trader ndi arsenal.1
1 Apele, Gerald. "Moving Average Convergence Divergence Trading Method." Traders.com. 1979.
1.2. Zithunzi za MACD
MACD, kapena Moving Average Convergence Divergence, ndi chizindikiro cha mtundu wa oscillator chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kusanthula luso. MACD imapangidwa ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu zitatu: mzere wa MACD, mzere wa Signal, ndi Histogram.
The MACD mzere imawerengeredwa pochotsa 26-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA) kuchokera pa EMA ya masiku 12. Mzerewu umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira zomwe zingatheke kugula ndi kugulitsa zizindikiro. Mwachitsanzo, mzere wa MACD ukawoloka pamwamba pa mzere wa siginecha, ndi chizindikiro cha bullish. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, pamene mzere wa MACD udutsa pansi pa mzere wa chizindikiro, ndi chizindikiro cha bearish.
The Mzere wa Signal ndi EMA ya masiku 9 a mzere wa MACD womwewo. Zimakhala ngati choyambitsa kugula ndi kugulitsa zizindikiro. Traders ndi osunga ndalama amatchera khutu kwambiri pamene mzere wa MACD ndi mzere wa chizindikiro umadutsa, chifukwa mfundozi nthawi zambiri zimasonyeza kusinthika kwa msika.
The Mbiri yake imayimira kusiyana pakati pa mzere wa MACD ndi mzere wa Signal. Pamene mzere wa MACD uli pamwamba pa mzere wa chizindikiro, histogram imakhala yabwino. Pamene mzere wa MACD uli pansi pa mzere wa chizindikiro, histogram ndi yoipa. Histogram ndi yothandiza powonera kukula ndi mayendedwe a kusiyana pakati pa mizere ya MACD ndi Signal.
Kwenikweni, zigawo zitatu izi za MACD zimapereka traders ndi osunga ndalama omwe ali ndi deta yochuluka kuti athandizire zisankho zawo zamsika. Pomvetsetsa ndi kutanthauzira zigawozi molondola, akhoza kumvetsetsa mozama za zochitika za msika ndi zosinthika zomwe zingatheke.
2. Kutanthauzira Zizindikiro za MACD
MACD, kapena Moving Average Convergence Divergence, ndi chida champhamvu mu zida zankhondo za aliyense wodziwa. trader kapena Investor. Cholinga chake chachikulu ndi zindikirani zomwe mungagule ndikugulitsa, kupereka zidziwitso zamtengo wapatali pamayendedwe amsika. Mzere wa MACD ukadutsa pamwamba pa mzere wa siginecha, nthawi zambiri umatanthauziridwa ngati chizindikiro champhamvu - nthawi yabwino yogula. Mosiyana ndi izi, mzere wa MACD ukadutsa pansi pa mzere wa siginecha, nthawi zambiri umawoneka ngati siginecha yabearish, kuwonetsa malo ogulitsa abwino kwambiri.
Chofunikira chachikulu cha MACD ndi zero mzere, yomwe imakhala ngati maziko a zinthu zabwino ndi zoipa. Ngati mzere wa MACD uli pamwamba pa mzere wa zero, izi zikusonyeza kuti chiwerengero cha nthawi yochepa chikupitirira nthawi yayitali - chizindikiro cha bullish. Ngati ili pansi pa mzere wa ziro, avareji yanthawi yayitali ikutsalira - chizindikiro cha bearish. Investors ayeneranso kulabadira kusiyana, zomwe zimachitika pamene mtengo wa katundu ndi MACD zikuyenda mosiyana. Izi zitha kuwonetsa kusinthika kwa msika, ndipo ndi chizindikiro chofunikira kwambiri traders.
MACD Histogram ndichinthu china chofunikira kuchiganizira. Imapanga mtunda pakati pa mzere wa MACD ndi mzere wa chizindikiro, ndikupereka chithunzithunzi cha momwe awiriwa akugwirizanirana. Mfundo zabwino perekani mphamvu ya bullish, pomwe makhalidwe oipa kuwonetsa mphamvu ya bearish. Makamaka, histogram ingathandize traders amazindikira nthawi yomwe msika ukuchulukira kapena kuthamanga kwambiri, zomwe zikupereka kumvetsetsa kwamphamvu kwa msika.
Ndi malingaliro awa, traders atha kugwiritsa ntchito MACD kuwunika bwino momwe msika ukuyendera, kuwoneratu zomwe zingasinthidwe, ndikupanga zisankho zanzeru za nthawi yogula ndi kugulitsa. Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ngakhale MACD ndi chida champhamvu, sizopusa, ndipo iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse limodzi ndi zisonyezo zina ndi njira zowunikira. Malinga ndi Investopedia, MACD "iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zizindikiro zina zaumisiri kapena ma chart kuti apititse patsogolo ntchito."
2.1. Signal Line Crossovers
MACD, kapena Moving Average Convergence Divergence, ndi chida champhamvu cha traders, kupereka zidziwitso pamayendedwe amsika ndi zomwe mungagule kapena kugulitsa. Mbali yofunika kwambiri ya chida ichi ndi Signal Line Crossover, njira yomwe ingathandize traders gauge msika ndikulosera zomwe zidzachitike m'tsogolo.
Mzere wa Signal Crossover umachitika pamene mzere wa MACD, wowerengedwa pochotsa 26-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA) kuchokera ku EMA ya 12-day, kuwoloka pamwamba kapena pansi pa mzere wa chizindikiro, EMA ya 9-day ya mzere wa MACD. Mzere wa MACD ukadutsa pamwamba pa mzere wa siginecha, nthawi zambiri imakhala chizindikiro champhamvu, kutanthauza kuti ikhoza kukhala nthawi yabwino yogula. Mosiyana ndi izi, mzere wa MACD ukadutsa pansi pa mzere wa siginecha, nthawi zambiri umawoneka ngati siginecha ya bearish, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti ikhoza kukhala nthawi yogulitsa.
Koma m’pofunika kukumbukira zimenezi Signal Line Crossovers sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito paokha. Monga Gerald Appel, wopanga MACD, ma crossovers nthawi zina amatha kutulutsa zizindikiro zabodza kapena 'chikwapu', makamaka m'misika yosasinthika. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira traders kuwagwiritsa ntchito limodzi ndi zizindikiro zina zaukadaulo kapena ma chart kuti atsimikizire ma siginecha ndikupewa ma alarm omwe angachitike.
Mwachitsanzo, a trader akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito Wachibale Mphamvu Index (RSI) kapena Bollinger Magulu okhala ndi MACD kuti awonjezere kudalirika kwa ma sigino. Kuphatikiza apo, tikulimbikitsidwanso kuti tiganizire momwe zinthu zilili komanso zinthu zina zakukula kwachuma musanapange chisankho chotengera Signal Line Crossovers. Monga nthawi zonse, wanzeru chiopsezo njira zoyendetsera ntchito ndi njira yolankhulirana yochita malonda ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti apambane pamisika yazachuma.
2.2. Zero Line Crossovers
Pamene mukuphunzira MACD (Moving Average Convergence Divergence), lingaliro la Zero Line Crossovers ndizofunikira. Ma crossovers awa amapezeka pamene mzere wa MACD, kusiyana pakati pa masiku 12 ndi 26-day exponential move average, kuwoloka mzere wa ziro. Kuwoloka kwabwino kumatanthawuza kusintha kwamphamvu, kusonyeza nthawi yabwino traders kugula. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, crossover yolakwika imatanthawuza chikhalidwe cha bearish, kutanthauza kuti ikhoza kukhala nthawi yoyenera kugulitsa.
Kuchita bwino kwa zero line crossovers, monga momwe zilili ndi njira iliyonse yamalonda, sikuli kotheratu ndipo kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi zizindikiro zina. Mwachitsanzo, a Signal Line Crossovers, mzere wachiwiri wokonzedwa pa tchati cha MACD, ukhoza kuthandizira kutsimikizira zero zero crossover. Kulumikizana kwazizindikiro ziwirizi kumatha kupereka umboni wamphamvu wakusintha komwe kungachitike pamsika.
Komabe, ma crossovers a zero amatha kupereka zizindikiro zabodza pamsika wosakhazikika. Traders ayenera kusamala zikwapu, zomwe ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa mtengo komwe kungayambitse zizindikiro zolakwika. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira msika kuti mutsimikizire musanachite pa zero line crossover.
Malinga ndi lipoti la a Market Technicians Association, ma crossovers a zero adapezeka kuti ndi othandiza kwambiri pozindikira mwayi wamalonda wa nthawi yayitali kusiyana ndi zochitika zachidule. Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti ma crossover a zero atha kupereka chidziwitso chofunikira pamayendedwe amsika, koma nthawi yophatikizika imafunikira luso komanso kulondola.
Kumbukirani, MACD ndi chida chosunthika chomwe chimapereka zambiri kuposa ma crossovers a zero. Zigawo zina monga MACD Histogram ndi Zosiyanasiyana nawonso ndi ofunikira pothandizira pakuwunika msika wathunthu. Choncho, wopambana trader ndi m'modzi yemwe amatha kugwirizanitsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana za MACD kuti akwaniritse bwino malonda awo.
2.3. Kusiyanasiyana
Lingaliro kusiyana ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakusanthula Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD). Divergence, m'mawu a MACD, amatanthauza momwe mtengo wachitetezo ndi chizindikiro cha MACD zikuyenda mosiyanasiyana. Ichi ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha msika traders ndi osunga ndalama sayenera kunyalanyaza.
A kusiyana kwa bullish zimachitika pamene mtengo wa chitetezo ukutsika, koma MACD ikupita mmwamba. Kusiyanaku kungakhale chizindikiro cha kutsika mtengo kwamitengo, kutanthauza kuti ikhoza kukhala nthawi yabwino yogula. Kumbali ina, a bearish divergence imawoneka pamene mtengo ukupanga kukwera kwatsopano, koma MACD ikupita pansi. Kusiyana kwamtunduwu kumatha kuwonetsa kutsika kwamitengo, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti ikhoza kukhala nthawi yabwino kugulitsa.
Komabe, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti ngakhale kusiyana kungapereke chidziwitso chofunikira, sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito paokha. Monga momwe Murphy adanenera m'buku lake "Technical Analysis of the Financial Markets," zizindikiro zosiyana zimakhala zodalirika zikagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi zizindikiro zina zamakono. Izi zingathandize traders ndi osunga ndalama amawonjezera mwayi wopanga zisankho zopambana.
Komanso, kusiyanasiyana nthawi zina kumatha kusokeretsa. Si zachilendo kuti kusiyana kupangike, kokha kuti mtengo upitirire chikhalidwe chake choyambirira. Izi zimatchedwa a kusiyana kwabodza. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale kusiyana kungapereke chidziwitso chofunikira pakusintha kwa msika, ndikofunikira kuti traders ndi osunga ndalama kuti azigwiritsa ntchito limodzi ndi zida zina zaukadaulo ndikuganizira nthawi zonse za msika.
Makamaka, kupatukana ndi gawo limodzi chabe la MACD, koma kumvetsetsa mfundo iyi kumatha kukulitsa luso lanu losanthula luso. Poyang'anitsitsa mosamala komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru, kusiyana kwa MACD kumatha kukhala chida champhamvu pagulu lanu lankhondo, kukuthandizani kuwona zomwe zisintha pamsika zisanachitike.
3. Mastering MACD Trading Strategy
The MACD (Kusuntha Average Convergence Divergence) malonda njira ndi njira yotchuka pakati traders ndi osunga ndalama, odziwika chifukwa champhamvu yake pakulozera mwayi wogula ndi kugulitsa. Poyerekeza kuyanjana kwa magawo awiri osuntha, njira ya MACD ingathandize traders kuzindikira nthawi zofunika kwambiri pamsika.
Kuti muwongolere bwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya MACD, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zigawo zake zitatu zofunika: mzere wa MACD, mzere wama sigino, ndi histogram ya MACD. The MACD mzere ndi kusiyana pakati pa masiku 12 ndi masiku 26 oyenda mokulirapo (EMA), pomwe mzere wa chizindikiro ndi EMA ya masiku 9 a mzere wa MACD.
Mzere wa MACD ukadutsa pamwamba pa mzere wa chizindikiro, umapanga chizindikiro cha bullish, kusonyeza kuti ikhoza kukhala nthawi yabwino yogula. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, pamene mzere wa MACD udutsa pansi pa mzere wa chizindikiro, umapanga chizindikiro cha bearish, kutanthauza kuti ikhoza kukhala nthawi yoyenera kugulitsa.
MACD histogram, yomwe imayimira kusiyana pakati pa mzere wa MACD ndi mzere wa chizindikiro, imakhala ndi gawo lofunikira pakulosera zamsika. Pamene histogram ili yabwino (mzere wa MACD uli pamwamba pa mzere wa chizindikiro), ukhoza kusonyeza kukwera. Mosiyana ndi zimenezo, histogram yoipa (Mzere wa MACD pansi pa mzere wa chizindikiro) ukhoza kusonyeza kutsika.
Chofunikira kukumbukira pa njira yogulitsira ya MACD ndikudalira kwake pamsika. Munthawi yosasinthika pamsika, MACD imatha kutulutsa zizindikiro zabodza. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti mugwiritse ntchito molumikizana ndi zizindikiro zina zaumisiri kuti muwunikenso mwatsatanetsatane komanso molondola msika.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu International Journal of Trade, Economics, and Finance, njira ya MACD ikhoza kukhala yothandiza makamaka ikaphatikizidwa ndi Relative Strength Index (RSI).1 Ngakhale MACD imathandizira kuzindikira zomwe zingasinthidwe ndikugula kapena kugulitsa mwayi, RSI ikhoza kutsimikizira zizindikirozi poyesa kuthamanga ndi kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka mitengo.
kasamalidwe chiopsezo ndi gawo lina lofunikira pakuwongolera njira yogulitsira ya MACD. Nthawi zonse onetsetsani kuti mwakhazikitsa malamulo oyimitsa kuti muteteze ndalama zanu kuti zisawonongeke kwambiri ngati msika ukutsutsana ndi zomwe mwalosera.
1 "Kafukufuku Wamphamvu pa Kusanthula Zaumisiri pa Kuneneratu Zomwe Zili Msika Wamsika", International Journal of Trade, Economics, and Finance, 2012.
3.1. MACD ngati Njira Yotsatira Zomwe Zachitika
The MACD (Kusuntha Average Convergence Divergence) ndi chida champhamvu m'manja mwa katswiri trader, makamaka ngati njira yotsatila. Ndi chizindikiro chaukadaulo chomwe chingathandize traders kuzindikira mwayi wogula kapena kugulitsa kutengera momwe msika ukuyendera. Izi zimatheka potsata kuyanjana pakati pa magawo awiri osuntha: mzere wa MACD ndi mzere wa chizindikiro.
Mzere wa MACD ndi kusiyana pakati pa 26-day ndi 12-day exponential move average (EMA), pamene mzere wa chizindikiro ndi EMA wa masiku 9 a mzere wa MACD. Kulumikizana kwa mizere iyi kumapanga maziko a njira yotsatirira ya MACD.
pamene Mzere wa MACD umadutsa pamwamba pa mzere wa chizindikiro, nthawi zambiri imawoneka ngati chizindikiro cha bullish, kuwonetsa kuthekera kwa kukwera. M'malo mwake, pamene Mzere wa MACD umadutsa pansi pa mzere wa chizindikiro, zimaloza ku zotheka kukhala ndi bearish.
Komabe, monga zonse njira malonda, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ma sign a MACD sizopusa. Ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zida zina zowunikira luso komanso deta yamsika kuti apange zisankho zodziwika bwino zamalonda. Kuphatikizira njira yotsatizana ya MACD ndi kuwongolera zoopsa zomveka kungathandize traders amayendetsa madzi osasunthika a misika yazachuma.
Mu kafukufuku wa Journal of Technical Analysis, MACD inapezeka kuti ndi chida chodalirika cholosera za kayendetsedwe ka mtengo wanthawi yochepa, kulimbikitsa mtengo wake mu ndondomeko yogulitsa malonda. Ngakhale ndizosavuta, zimapereka zidziwitso zofunikira pamayendedwe amsika, kuthandiza traders kukhala sitepe imodzi patsogolo.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuthekera kwa MACD sikungozindikiritsa chiyambi ndi kutha kwa zomwe zikuchitika. Ndizothandizanso pakulozera kusiyana kwamitengo. Mwachitsanzo, mtengo ukafika pachimake chatsopano koma MACD sichitero, zitha kuwonetsa kufooka kwazomwe zikuchitika komanso kusinthika kwa msika.
Chifukwa chake, kumvetsetsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino MACD ngati njira yotsatirira kungathe kukweza kwambiri a tradeKuthekera kwa r kumasulira mayendedwe amsika, komanso kupambana kwawo kwamalonda.
3.2. MACD monga Momentum Strategy
M'dziko lazamalonda ndi ndalama, a MACD (Moving Average Convergence Divergence) ndi chizindikiro chodziwika bwino, makamaka ikafika panjira yofulumira. Chizindikirochi chinapangidwa ndi Gerald Appel chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970 kuti awone kusintha kwa mphamvu, mayendedwe, mphamvu, komanso nthawi yamtengo wapatali pamtengo.
The MACD ndi chizindikiro chotsatira chomwe chikuwonetsa mgwirizano pakati pa magawo awiri osuntha amtengo wachitetezo. MACD imawerengedwa pochotsa 26-period Exponential Moving Average (EMA) kuchokera ku EMA ya 12. Chotsatira cha kuchotsa uku ndi mzere wa MACD. EMA ya masiku asanu ndi anayi ya MACD, yotchedwa "signal line," imayikidwa pamwamba pa mzere wa MACD, womwe ukhoza kugwira ntchito ngati zoyambitsa kugula ndi kugulitsa zizindikiro.
Traders akhoza kugula chitetezo pamene MACD imadutsa pamwamba pa mzere wake wa chizindikiro ndikugulitsa - kapena mwachidule - chitetezo pamene MACD idutsa pansi pa mzere wa chizindikiro. Kuphatikiza apo, histogram ya MACD, yomwe imapangidwa ndi mipiringidzo yowongoka, ikuwonetsa mtunda wapakati pa mzere wa MACD ndi mzere wamakina wa MACD. Ngati mzere wa MACD uli pamwamba pa mzere wa chizindikiro, histogram idzakhala pamwamba pa maziko a MACD. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ngati mzere wa MACD uli pansi pa mzere wa chizindikiro, histogram idzakhala pansi pa maziko a MACD. Traders amagwiritsa ntchito histogram kuti azindikire pamene mphamvu ya bullish kapena bearish ili pamwamba.
Ndi kuthekera kwake kugwiritsa ntchito deta yamtengo wapatali ndikuisintha kukhala chizindikiro chotsatira chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito, the MACD ndi chida chamtengo wapatali traders kufunafuna kukhazikitsa njira yolimbikitsira. Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ngakhale MACD ndi chida champhamvu, imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pamodzi ndi zizindikiro zina ndi njira zowunikira kuti zitsimikizire zizindikiro ndikupewa zolakwika.
3.3. Kuphatikiza MACD ndi Zizindikiro Zina Zaukadaulo
Ngakhale Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) ndi chida champhamvu pachokha, mphamvu yake imatha kukulitsidwa kwambiri ikagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zizindikiro zina zaukadaulo. Kuphatikiza MACD ndi Mphamvu Yachibale Index (RSI) or Bollinger magulu, mwachitsanzo, atha kupereka chidziwitso chokwanira chamsika wamsika.
RSI, yomwe imayesa kuthamanga ndi kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka mtengo, ikhoza kuthandizira MACD pothandizira kutsimikizira ngati msika ukugulitsidwa kapena kugulitsidwa. Pamene zizindikiro za RSI ndi MACD zimagwirizana, zimatha kupereka chizindikiro champhamvu traders. Mwachitsanzo, ngati MACD ikuwonetsa kuphatikizika kwamphamvu (mzere wa MACD umadutsa pamwamba pa mzere wa chizindikiro) ndipo RSI ili pansi pa 30 (zikuwonetsa zinthu zomwe zagulitsidwa), zitha kuwonetsa mwayi wogula.
Mbali inayi, Bollinger magulu angagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi MACD kuzindikira kusasinthasintha ndi milingo yamitengo yomwe ili m'mikhalidwe yogulidwa kwambiri kapena yogulitsa mopitilira muyeso. Pamene mtengo umakhudza Bollinger Band yapamwamba ndipo mzere wa MACD umadutsa pansi pa mzere wa chizindikiro, ukhoza kusonyeza mwayi wogulitsa. Mosiyana ndi zimenezo, ngati mtengo ukhudza Bollinger Band yotsika ndipo mzere wa MACD umadutsa pamwamba pa mzere wa chizindikiro, ukhoza kusonyeza mwayi wogula.
Kumbukirani, ngakhale njirazi zingapangitse kuti MACD ikhale yogwira mtima, sizopusa ndipo iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi ndondomeko yogulitsa malonda ndi njira zoyendetsera zoopsa. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi Huang, Yu, and Wang (2009), kuphatikiza zizindikiro zingapo zaukadaulo zitha kuwonjezera phindu la njira zogulitsira, koma ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa momwe chizindikiro chilichonse chimagwirira ntchito ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito moyenera m'misika yosiyanasiyana.
Ndikofunikiranso kuti backtest njira iliyonse isanayambe kukhazikitsidwa. Kubwerera kumbuyo kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito njira yanu kuzinthu zakale kuti muwone momwe zikanachitira. Izi zitha kupereka zidziwitso zamtengo wapatali ndikuthandizira kukonza njira yanu. Monga mwambi wakale umati, “Konzani zanu trade ndi trade plan yako."
4. Malangizo Othandiza pa MACD Trading
Imodzi mwa njira zothandiza kwambiri zogwiritsira ntchito Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) ndi kugwiritsa ntchito crossovers. Kuphatikizika kwamphamvu kumachitika pamene mzere wa MACD uwoloka pamwamba pa mzere wa chizindikiro, zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti ikhoza kukhala nthawi yabwino yogula. Mosiyana ndi zimenezo, crossover ya bearish, pomwe mzere wa MACD umadutsa pansi pa mzere wa chizindikiro, umasonyeza kuti ikhoza kukhala nthawi yabwino yogulitsa. Nthawi zonse ganizirani za msika pomasulira ma crossovers a MACD; malinga ndi Dow Theory, "zochitika zilipo mpaka zizindikiro zotsimikizika zidzatsimikizira kuti zatha."[1]
Njira ina yamphamvu ndiyo kuzindikira kusiyana pakati pa MACD ndi mtengo wa katunduyo. Ngati mtengo wa katunduyo ukukwera kwatsopano, koma MACD sichitero, kusiyana kwa bearish uku kungatanthauze kusinthika kwamitengo kutsika. Kusiyanitsa kwa bullish, kumbali ina, kumachitika pamene mtengo umapanga kutsika kwatsopano, koma MACD sichitero, kuwonetsa kusinthika kwa mtengo kotheka.
Chenjerani ndi zizindikiro zabodza. MACD, monga zizindikiro zonse, sizopusa ndipo ikhoza kupanga zizindikiro zabodza. Kuti muchepetse chiopsezochi, ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito MACD molumikizana ndi zizindikiro zina kapena zida zowunikira luso kuti mutsimikizire zizindikiro ndikupewa zomwe zingakhale zabodza.
Sinthani makonda a MACD kuti zigwirizane ndi malonda anu. Zokonda zokhazikika za MACD (12, 26, 9) sizinakhazikitsidwe mwala. Sewerani mozungulira ndi zosintha zosiyanasiyana kuti mupeze zomwe zikuyenda bwino pamayendedwe anu ogulitsa komanso zinthu zomwe mukugulitsa. Dziwani kuti makonda afupikitsa apangitsa kuti MACD ikhale yovuta, pomwe zosintha zazitali zipangitsa kuti zikhale zochepa.[2]
Pomaliza, tisaiwale zimenezo chipiriro ndi ukoma pa malonda. Dikirani zizindikiro zotsimikizika ndipo musathamangire kulowa trades kutengera kayendedwe ka MACD kwakanthawi kochepa. Monga wotchuka trader Jesse Livermore adanenapo kuti, "Sizinali malingaliro anga omwe adandipangira ndalama zambiri. Nthawi zonse ndimakhala ndekha. "[3] Upangiri uwu ndiwowona mu malonda a MACD; dikirani chizindikiro choyenera, ndiyeno chitanipo kanthu motsimikiza.
[1] Charles Dow. "Dow's Theory of Markets." Wall Street Journal, 1901.
[2] Gerald Appel. "Technical Analysis: Power Tools for Active Investors." FT Press, 2005.
[3] Jesse Livermore. "Zikumbukiro za Wogulitsa Masamba." John Wiley ndi Ana, 1923.
4.1. Kupewa Zizindikiro Zonama
The Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) ndi chida champhamvu chomwe chili m'manja mwa munthu wamalonda wanzeru, koma sizopusa. Imodzi mwa misampha yodziwika bwino ndikugwa chifukwa cha zizindikiro zabodza, zomwe zingayambitse zisankho zolakwika zamalonda.
Kumvetsetsa momwe mungadziwire ndikupewa zizindikiro zabodzazi zitha kukulitsa kwambiri njira yanu yogulitsira. Choyamba, ndikofunikira osadalira MACD okha pazosankha zanu zamalonda. Iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zizindikiro zina ndi zida kuti zitsimikizire kusanthula kolondola kwa msika. Chizindikiro chimodzi chikhoza kusokeretsa, pamene zizindikiro zingapo zogwirizana nthawi zambiri zimakhala chizindikiro champhamvu cha kayendetsedwe ka mtengo womwe ukubwera.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuti kumvetsetsa momwe msika ulili zomwe mukugulitsa. Zokonda zosiyanasiyana za MACD zimagwira ntchito bwino pamisika yosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, pamsika wosasunthika, MACD imatha kutulutsa zizindikiro zambiri zabodza, pomwe pamsika womwe ukuyenda bwino, ikhoza kukhala yolondola.
Njira ina yopewera zizindikiro zabodza ndiyo gwiritsani ntchito MACD molumikizana ndi mzere wamawu. Mzere wamawu ndi EMA wamasiku 9 a Mzere wa MACD. Monga chiwongolero chosuntha cha chizindikirocho, chimatha kugwira ntchito ngati chizindikiro cha MACD. Malinga ndi Investopedia, MACD ikadutsa pamwamba pa mzere wa chizindikiro, imapereka chizindikiro cha bullish, kusonyeza kuti ikhoza kukhala nthawi yabwino yogula. Mosiyana ndi zimenezo, MACD ikagwa pansi pa mzere wa chizindikiro, imapereka chizindikiro cha bearish.
Pomaliza, ganizirani za nthawi yamalonda anu. Nthawi zazifupi zimatha kutulutsa zizindikiro zabodza, pomwe nthawi yayitali imatha kupereka zizindikiro zodalirika. Njira yodziwika bwino ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito MACD pa tchati cha mlungu ndi mlungu kuti mufotokoze zomwe zikuchitika ndikugwiritsira ntchito tchati cha tsiku ndi tsiku trades.
Pomvetsetsa ma nuances awa, mutha kupewa msampha wazizindikiro zabodza ndikupanga MACD kukhala gawo lofunikira panjira yanu yogulitsa.
4.2. Kugwiritsa ntchito MACD M'mikhalidwe Yosiyanasiyana Yamsika
The MACD (Kusuntha Average Convergence Divergence) ndi chida chosunthika modabwitsa chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'misika yosiyanasiyana. Ndizothandiza kwambiri pozindikira zomwe mungagule ndikugulitsa m'misika yomwe ikuyenda bwino komanso yokhazikika.
mu msika wamakono, MACD ingathandize traders kuzindikira malo omwe mungathe kulowa ndi kutuluka. Mzere wa MACD ukadutsa pamwamba pa mzere wa siginecha, nthawi zambiri umakhala chizindikiro champhamvu chomwe chimatha kupereka nthawi yabwino yogula. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, mzere wa MACD ukadutsa pansi pa mzere wa chizindikiro, nthawi zambiri umawoneka ngati chizindikiro cha bearish ndipo ukhoza kusonyeza kuti ndi nthawi yabwino yogulitsa.
mu msika wamitundu yosiyanasiyana, MACD ingakhalenso yothandiza. Traders nthawi zambiri amayang'ana kusiyana pakati pa MACD ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali ngati chizindikiro cha kusintha komwe kungatheke. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mtengo ukutsika kwambiri koma MACD ikupanga kutsika kwambiri, kusiyana kumeneku kungasonyeze kuti kutsikako kukuchepa kwambiri ndipo kusinthika kungakhale pamakhadi.
Komabe, monga chida chilichonse chogulitsira, MACD siyopusitsa. Ndikofunikira kuzigwiritsa ntchito molumikizana ndi zizindikiro zina ndi njira zowunikira kuti muwonjezere mwayi wopambana. Izi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi John J. Murphy m'buku lake 'Technical Analysis of the Financial Markets', pamene akuti, "Zizindikiro zabwino kwambiri zinaperekedwa ndi kusiyana kwa MACD-Histogram."
Kuwerenga histogram ya MACD akhoza kupereka zidziwitso zowonjezera. Pamene histogram ili yabwino, imawonetsa kuti mzere wa MACD uli pamwamba pa mzere wa sigino ndipo ukhoza kuwonetsa kukwera kwamphamvu. Kumbali ina, histogram ikakhala yolakwika, zikutanthauza kuti mzere wa MACD uli pansi pa mzere wa siginecha ndipo ukhoza kuwonetsa mphamvu ya bearish.
Traders akhoza kuyang'ananso kusiyana kwa histogram ngati chizindikiro china chotheka. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mtengo ukukwera kwambiri koma histogram ikukwera m'munsi, kusiyana kumeneku kungasonyeze kuti kukwerako kukuchepa ndipo kusinthaku kukubwera.
Kumbukirani, MACD ndi chida chimodzi mu a trader ndi arsenal. Ndizothandiza kwambiri zikagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo lazamalonda, poganizira zizindikiro zina zaukadaulo, kusanthula kwakukulu, ndi malingaliro a msika.
4.3. Kuwongolera Zowopsa mu Kugulitsa kwa MACD
Kumvetsetsa ndi kukhazikitsa kasamalidwe ka chiopsezo ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri MACD malonda. Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) ndi chizindikiro chotsatira chomwe chikuwonetsa mgwirizano pakati pa magawo awiri osuntha amtengo wachitetezo. Ndi chida chamtengo wapatali, koma monga njira zonse zamalonda, sizopusa.
kasamalidwe chiopsezo m'nkhaniyi ikukhudza kukhazikitsa a kusiya kutaya mlingo. Kuyimitsa kuyimitsa ndi kuyitanitsa koyikidwa ndi a broker kugulitsa chikole chikafika pamtengo wakutiwakuti. MACD traders nthawi zambiri amayika kuyimitsidwa kwawo pakugwedezeka kwaposachedwa kwambiri kapena kutsika pang'ono kuti achepetse kutayika komwe kungachitike. Ndi machitidwe omwe angakuthandizeni kuteteza ndalama zanu pamene msika ukutsutsana ndi udindo wanu.
komanso, traders amagwiritsa ntchito histogram ya MACD kuyesa mphamvu zomwe zikuchitika. Ngati histogram ili pamwamba pa ziro ndikukwera, ndiye chizindikiro champhamvu cha bullish. Ngati ili pansi pa ziro ndikugwa, ndiye chizindikiro champhamvu cha bearish. Kugulitsa zomwe zikuyenda komanso kudziwa zizindikirozi kungathandize kuthana ndi ngozi.
Njira ina yoyang'anira zoopsa imaphatikizapo kuyika chiwopsezo chochepa cha likulu lanu lamalonda pamtundu uliwonse trade. Lamulo lodziwika bwino ndikuyika pachiwopsezo chosaposa 1-2% ya likulu lanu lamalonda pamtundu umodzi trade. Izi zimathandiza kuonetsetsa kuti ngakhale a trade kumatsutsana nanu, zotayika zanu zidzakhala zochepa.
Komanso, traders akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zosiyana kusamalira zoopsa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti musaike mazira anu onse mudengu limodzi. Pogulitsa katundu wosiyanasiyana, mutha kufalitsa chiwopsezo ndikuwonjezera mwayi wanu wopeza phindu.
Chiwopsezo ndi mphotho ndichinthu chinanso chofunikira. Chiwopsezo cha mphotho ndi mphotho chimayesa kusiyana pakati pa a tradepolowera ndikuyimitsa-kutaya komanso kuchuluka kwa phindu. Chiyerekezo cha 1:3, mwachitsanzo, chikutanthauza kuti mukuyika 1 pachiwopsezo kuti mutha kupanga 3. Traders nthawi zambiri amafunafuna trades okhala ndi chiwopsezo chabwino cha mphotho kuti awonjezere phindu lawo poyerekeza ndi zotayika zomwe angathe.
M'malo mwake, kasamalidwe ka ziwopsezo pakugulitsa kwa MACD kumaphatikizapo njira zingapo kuphatikiza kuyika milingo yoyimitsa, kugulitsa zomwe zikuchitika, ndikuyika chiwopsezo chochepa cha likulu lanu pamtundu uliwonse. trade, kusiyanasiyana kwanu trades, ndi kufunafuna chiwopsezo chabwino cha mphotho. Ndi kusankha zochita mwanzeru osati kusiya zinthu mwangozi. Kumbukirani, cholinga chake ndikuteteza likulu lanu ndikukulitsa phindu lomwe mungakhale nalo.
Kumbukirani, njira yabwino yoyendetsera zoopsa ndi yomwe imasiyanitsa wokhazikika trader kuchokera kwa novice. Ndilo maziko a kupambana kwa nthawi yayitali mu malonda. Chifukwa chake, gwiritsani ntchito nthawi yanu kuti mumvetsetse ndikugwiritsa ntchito njirazi. Mtsogolo malonda anu adzakuthokozani.
