1. Kumvetsetsa Zomwe Zimayenda
M'dziko lazamalonda, Kupita Salima Thyolo Zomba (MA) ndi zida zomwe traders sangakwanitse kunyalanyaza. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikiritsa zizindikiro zomwe zingatheke kugula ndi kugulitsa, kupereka mzere wosalala ku mbiri yamtengo wapatali ndikuwunikira komwe kukuchitika.
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya Moving Average: Kusuntha Mosavuta (SMA) ndi Zomwe Zimayendetsa Zofunika (EMA). The SMA imawerengeredwa potenga masamu otanthauza mitengo pamasiku angapo. Mwachitsanzo, kuti muwerenge kuchuluka kwa masiku 10 osuntha, mungawonjezere mitengo yotseka kuyambira masiku 10 apitawa ndikugawa ndi 10. EMA, Komano, ndizovuta pang'ono pamene zimayika kulemera kwakukulu pazidziwitso zaposachedwapa. Ubwino wofunikira wogwiritsa ntchito EMA ndikuti umachita mwachangu kusintha kwamitengo kuposa SMA.
Tsopano, tiyeni tikambirane njira. Kusuntha Average kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chida choyimirira, koma amagwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi zambiri kuphatikiza ndi zizindikiro zina kuti apange njira yolimba yogulitsa. Imodzi mwa njira zofala kwambiri ndi Moving Average Crossover. Njira iyi imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito magawo awiri osuntha: imodzi yokhala ndi nthawi yayifupi komanso ina yokhala ndi nthawi yayitali. Lingaliro loyambirira ndiloti pamene chiwerengero chachifupi chikudutsa pamwamba pa nthawi yayitali, ndi chizindikiro chogula, ndipo chikawoloka pansipa, ndi chizindikiro chogulitsa.
Komabe, monga zida zonse zogulitsira, Moving Averages sizopusa ndipo zimatha kupanga ma sign abodza. Traders ayenera kudziwa za chiopsezo of "zikwapu" - kusintha kofulumira komwe kungayambitse zizindikiro zabodza. Izi zimachitika pamsika wosakhazikika pamene mitengo ikukwera mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo. Traders iyeneranso kudziwa kuti Moving Averages sangagwire ntchito bwino pamsika wamitundu yosiyanasiyana, pomwe mitengo imakwera pang'onopang'ono.
Ngakhale zolakwika zomwe zingachitike izi, Moving Averages imakhalabe yofunika mu chilichonse trader's toolkit. Amapereka zidziwitso zamtengo wapatali pamayendedwe amsika ndikusintha komwe kungachitike, kuwapangitsa kukhala gawo lofunikira lakuchita bwino njira malonda.
1.1. Tanthauzo ndi Ntchito
Pankhani yamalonda, lingaliro lomwe limayima ngati mwala wapangodya ndi Kupita Avereji. Chida chowerengerachi ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito posanthula ma data popanga magawo angapo a magawo osiyanasiyana a seti yonse ya data. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pakuzindikiritsa zomwe zikuchitika, kuwongolera kusinthasintha kwakanthawi kochepa ndikuwunikira zomwe zikuchitika pakanthawi yayitali kapena kuzungulira.
Pali mitundu ingapo yamitundu yosuntha, iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera komanso mawerengedwe ake. The Average Yoyenda Yosavuta (SMA) ndi mtundu wowongoka kwambiri, woŵerengeredwa mwa kuwonjezera mitengo ya nyengo zinazake ndiyeno kugaŵana ndi chiŵerengero cha nyengo zoterozo. The Zolemba Zopindulitsa Zowonjezera (EMA) ndizovuta kwambiri, zopatsa kulemera kwamitengo yaposachedwa kuti zigwirizane ndi zatsopano. Pomaliza, a Weighted Moving Average (WMA) imapatsa kulemera kwapadera pa mfundo iliyonse malinga ndi msinkhu wake, ndi deta yaposachedwa kwambiri yomwe imapatsidwa kulemera kwakukulu.
Pankhani ya njira, kusuntha kwapakati kungakhale a trader bwenzi lapamtima. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira zomwe zingatheke kugula ndi kugulitsa zikwangwani, kudziwa kuchuluka kwa chithandizo ndi kukana, kapena kuzindikira kusintha komwe kungachitike pamsika. Mwachitsanzo, pamene mtengo uwoloka pamwamba pa kusuntha kwake, ukhoza kuwonedwa ngati chizindikiro cha bullish, ndi mosemphanitsa.
Komabe, monga chida chilichonse, kusuntha kwapakati sikuli kopanda misampha yake. Cholakwika chimodzi chofala traders make ikudalira kwambiri kusuntha kwapakati popanda kuganizira zina. Izi zingayambitse zizindikiro zabodza komanso zowonongeka zomwe zingatheke. Cholakwika china ndikusankha nthawi yolakwika pamayendedwe osuntha, zomwe zingayambitse kutanthauzira molakwika kwa msika.
M'malo mwake, kumvetsetsa tanthauzo ndi magwiridwe antchito osuntha, mitundu yawo, njira zawo, ndi zolakwika zomwe zingachitike zitha kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito amalonda. Mwa kuphatikiza bwino chida ichi munjira yawo yogulitsa, traders atha kukhala ndi mwayi mumpikisano wamalonda.
1.2. Mitundu ya Mavareji Oyenda
Average Yoyenda Yosavuta (SMA) ndi mtundu wowongoka kwambiri wa avareji yosuntha. Imawerengera mtengo wapakati pazigawo zingapo zanthawi. SMA imapereka kulemera kofanana kuzinthu zonse za data, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale chida chodalirika chojambula machitidwe a nthawi yayitali. Komabe, zimachedwa kuyankha pakusintha kwamitengo kwaposachedwa, komwe kungakhale disadvantage m'misika yosasinthika.
Zolemba Zopindulitsa Zowonjezera (EMA) imapereka kulemera kwakukulu kwa deta yaposachedwa, ndikupangitsa kuti imvere zambiri zatsopano. Khalidweli lingakhale lopindulitsa m'misika yofulumira, komwe traders iyenera kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu pakusintha kwazinthu. Komabe, EMA ingakhalenso yodziwika kwambiri ndi zizindikiro zabodza, chifukwa imakhudzidwa ndi kusintha kulikonse kwa mtengo, ngakhale kuti ndi yochepa bwanji.
Kupita Patsogolo (WMA) ndi mtundu wapakati wosuntha womwe umapereka zolemetsa zosiyanasiyana kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana za data kutengera kufunikira kwawo. Mfundo zaposachedwa kwambiri zimapatsidwa kulemera kwakukulu, pamene mfundo zakale za deta zimapatsidwa kulemera kochepa. WMA ndi chisankho chabwino kwa traders omwe akufuna kukhazikika pakati pa kuyankha ndi kukhazikika.
Smoothed Moving Average (SMMA) ndi chiwerengero chosuntha chomwe chimaganizira nthawi yokulirapo ya deta, kuwongolera kusinthasintha ndikupereka chithunzi chomveka bwino cha zochitika zonse. SMMA siyimalabadira kusintha kwakanthawi kochepa, ndikupangitsa kukhala chisankho chabwino traders omwe amakonda njira yowongoka.
Hull Moving Average (HMA) ndi mtundu wapakati wosuntha womwe umafuna kuchepetsa kuchedwa uku ndikuwonjezera kuyankha. Ndiko kuwerengera kovutirapo komwe kumaphatikizapo kulemedwa kusuntha kwapakati ndi mizu yayikulu, koma zotsatira zake ndi mzere wosalala womwe umatsatira kwambiri mtengo. HMA imakondedwa ndi traders omwe amafunikira ma siginecha mwachangu osapereka kulondola.
Mtundu uliwonse wa kusuntha pafupifupi ali ndi mphamvu ndi zofooka, ndi kusankha nthawi zambiri zimadalira trader njira ndi kulolerana zoopsa. Kumvetsa kusiyana kumeneku kungathandize traders amapanga zisankho zodziwa zambiri ndikuwonjezera mwayi wawo wochita bwino.
2. Njira Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ma Averages
Kugulitsa ndi kusuntha magawo ikhoza kukhala yosintha masewera munjira yanu yogulitsa. Ma avareji awa, omwe amalinganiza mtengo wotsimikizika wachitetezo pakanthawi zingapo, atha kupereka traders yokhala ndi chidziwitso chamtengo wapatali pamayendedwe amsika komanso zosintha zomwe zingasinthe.
Imodzi mwa njira zodziwika kwambiri zogwiritsira ntchito mavareji osuntha ndi crossover strategy. Izi zikuphatikizapo kukonza magawo awiri osuntha a utali wosiyana pa tchati chanu, ndipo pamene kutalika kwafupikako kudutsa pamtunda wautali, kumawoneka ngati chizindikiro cha bullish. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, pamene kutalika kwafupipafupi kumadutsa pansi pautali, nthawi zambiri kumawoneka ngati chizindikiro cha bearish.
Njira ina yamphamvu ndi mtengo crossover. Izi zimachitika pamene mtengo wachitetezo udutsa pamwamba kapena pansi pa avareji yosuntha, kuwonetsa mwayi wogula kapena kugulitsa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mtengowo uwoloka kuposa kuchuluka kwazomwe zikuyenda, zitha kuwonetsa kukwera, kuwonetsa mwayi wogula. Kumbali ina, ngati mtengowo ukudutsa pansi pa chiwongolero chosuntha, ukhoza kusonyeza kutsika, kusonyeza mwayi wogulitsa.
Ma avareji osuntha angapo angagwiritsidwenso ntchito tandem kupanga zizindikiro. Mwachitsanzo, traders angagwiritse ntchito maulendo atatu osuntha a utali wosiyana. Pamene kusuntha kwakufupi kwambiri kuli pamwamba pa sing'anga yosuntha, ndipo sing'angayo ili pamwamba pa yayitali kwambiri, ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro champhamvu cha bullish. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ngati yayifupi kwambiri ili pansi pa sing'anga, ndipo sing'anga ili pansi pautali kwambiri, ikhoza kusonyeza chizindikiro champhamvu cha bearish.
Komabe, ngakhale kusuntha kwapakati kungakhale kothandiza kwambiri, sikulakwa. Nthawi zina amatha kutulutsa zizindikiro zabodza, makamaka m'misika yosasinthika. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuzigwiritsa ntchito molumikizana ndi ena kusanthula luso zida ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse njira zowongolera zoopsa.
2.1. Mayendedwe Otsatira Njira
Mayendedwe Otsatira Njira ndi mwala wapangodya wa traders, ndikupereka njira mwadongosolo poyendetsa misika yazachuma. Njirazi zimathandizira kusuntha kwanthawi yayitali kwamitengo yamsika, ndicholinga chofuna kupeza phindu posanthula komwe kukuchitika.
Njira imodzi yotereyi ikuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito Kupita Salima Thyolo Zomba. Kuwerengera kwachiwerengeroku kumawongolera deta yamtengo, ndikupanga mzere womwe traders atha kugwiritsa ntchito kuti amvetsetse zomwe zikuchitika pakanthawi inayake. Traders nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma avareji awiri osuntha: yachidule kuti azindikire komwe akupita, ndi yanthawi yayitali kuyesa mphamvu zomwe zikuchitika.
Njira yosavuta koma yothandiza kutsatira njira ndi kusuntha pafupifupi crossover. Izi zimachitika pamene chiwerengero cha kusuntha kwa nthawi yochepa chikudutsa chiwerengero cha nthawi yayitali. Crossover imatanthauzidwa ngati chizindikiro kuti zomwe zikuchitika zikusintha. Mwachindunji, chizindikiro cha bullish chimaperekedwa pamene chiwerengero chachifupi chikudutsa pamwamba pa nthawi yayitali, kusonyeza kuti ikhoza kukhala nthawi yabwino yogula. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, chizindikiro cha bearish chimaperekedwa pamene chiwerengero chachifupi chikudutsa pansi pa nthawi yayitali, kutanthauza kuti ikhoza kukhala nthawi yabwino yogulitsa.
Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti kusuntha kwapakati komanso njira zotsatirira sizopanda pake. Iwo sachedwa zolakwika ndi zizindikiro zabodza. Mwachitsanzo, kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwamtengo kungayambitse kusuntha kwapakati kapena kuviika, kupanga chizindikiro chabodza. TradeChoncho rs ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njirazi mogwirizana ndi zida zina zowunikira luso kuti atsimikizire zizindikiro ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo.
Komanso, kusuntha ma avareji ndi zizindikiro zotsalira, kutanthauza kuti amawonetsa mayendedwe amitengo akale. Iwo samaneneratu za kayendedwe ka mitengo yamtsogolo koma angathandize traders kuzindikira mwayi wopezeka. Monga momwe zilili ndi njira iliyonse yogulitsira, ndikofunikira kuti muunike mozama ndikuganizira za msika musanapange chisankho.
Ngakhale izi zitha kukhala misampha, njira zotsatizana ndi njira zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito kusuntha zimakhalabe chida chodziwika bwino mu a trader's arsenal, yopereka chidziwitso chofunikira pamayendedwe amsika komanso mwayi wotsatsa.
2.2. Njira Zosinthira Zogulitsa
Njira zosinthira malonda ndi chithunzithunzi cha kusewera msika wa pendulum swing. Iwo amatsatiridwa pa lingaliro lakuti chimene chikukwera chiyenera kutsika, ndipo mosemphanitsa. Traders omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njirayi nthawi zonse amakhala akuyang'ana zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti kusintha kwasintha. Chimodzi mwa zida zamphamvu kwambiri mu zida zawo zankhondo? Kusuntha kwapakati.
Avareji yosuntha, m'mawonekedwe ake osavuta, ndi mtengo wapakati wachitetezo pakanthawi zingapo. Ndi chida chomwe chimapangitsa kuti deta yamtengo ikhale yosavuta popanga mtengo wapakati womwe umasinthidwa pafupipafupi. Izi zitha kukhala zopindulitsa kwambiri pakuzindikira ndikutsimikizira kusintha kwazomwe zikuchitika.
Average Yoyenda Yosavuta (SMA) ndi Zolemba Zopindulitsa Zowonjezera (EMA) ndi mitundu iwiri yamayendedwe osuntha omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito posintha njira zamalonda. SMA imawerengetsera avareji yamitundu yosankhidwa, nthawi zambiri mitengo yotseka, ndi kuchuluka kwanthawi zomwe zasankhidwa. EMA, kumbali ina, imapereka kulemera kwakukulu kwamitengo yaposachedwa, ndikupangitsa kuti imvere zambiri zatsopano.
Zikafika pakugwiritsa ntchito kusuntha kwa njira zosinthira malonda, njira imodzi yotchuka ndi kusuntha pafupifupi crossover. Apa ndi pamene mtengo wa katundu umasuntha kuchoka ku mbali imodzi ya chiwerengero chosuntha kupita ku china. Ndi chizindikiro chakuti mchitidwewu ukhoza kusintha njira. Mwachitsanzo, pamene chiŵerengero chosuntha cha nthawi yochepa chikudutsa pamtunda wa nthawi yayitali, ikhoza kukhala nthawi yabwino kugula. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, pamene chiwerengero chosuntha cha nthawi yochepa chikudutsa pansi pa chiwongoladzanja cha nthawi yayitali, ikhoza kukhala nthawi yabwino yogulitsa.
Komabe, monga njira iliyonse yogulitsira, kubweza malonda pogwiritsa ntchito kusuntha sikuli kopanda misampha yake. Cholakwika chimodzi chofala traders make akudalira kusuntha kwapakati pazosankha zawo zamalonda. Ngakhale kusuntha kwapakati kungathandize kuzindikira zosinthika zomwe zingatheke, ndi chizindikiro chotsalira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zimachokera pamitengo yam'mbuyomu ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatha kuchedwa kuyankha kusintha kwachangu pamsika. Zotsatira zake, a trader akhoza kulowa kapena kutuluka a trade mochedwa kwambiri, kuphonya phindu lomwe lingakhalepo kapena kutayika kosafunikira.
Cholakwika china chodziwika ndikusankha nthawi yolakwika pa avareji yosuntha. Nthawi yomwe mumasankha kuti musunthe pafupifupi ingakhudze kwambiri chidwi chake pakusintha kwamitengo. Kufupikitsa nthawi kumapangitsa kuti kusuntha kukhale kosavuta, pamene nthawi yayitali kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yovuta kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kuti mupeze ndalama zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mtundu wanu wamalonda komanso kulolerana kwa ngozi.
Njira zosinthira malonda kugwiritsa ntchito kusuntha kwapakati kungakhale chida champhamvu cha traders, koma ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanzeru. Kumvetsetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mavareji osuntha, momwe amagwirira ntchito, ndi mbuna zomwe zingakhalepo zingathandize traders amapanga zisankho zodziwika bwino ndikuwonjezera mwayi wawo wochita bwino pamisika yomwe ikusintha nthawi zonse.
3. Zolakwa wamba pa Kugwiritsa Kusuntha Avereji
Kuyang'ana mtundu wa Moving Average ndi chimodzi mwa zolakwika zambiri traders kupanga. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosuntha - Simple Moving Average (SMA), Exponential Moving Average (EMA), ndi Weighted Moving Average (WMA) kutchula ochepa. Iliyonse mwa izi ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera ndipo ndi yoyenera pazochitika zosiyanasiyana zamalonda. Mwachitsanzo, EMA imapereka kulemera kwamitengo yaposachedwa ndipo imamvera zambiri zatsopano, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino pamisika yosasinthika. Kumbali inayi, SMA siyimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusinthasintha kwamitengo ndipo imapereka mzere wosalala, womwe ungakhale wopindulitsa m'misika yosasinthika.
The kutanthauzira molakwika kwa crossovers ndi msampha wina wofala. Traders nthawi zambiri amawona kuphatikizika kwa magawo awiri osuntha ngati chizindikiro chotsimikizika chogula kapena kugulitsa. Komabe, sizili choncho nthawi zonse. Ma Crossovers nthawi zina amatha kutulutsa zidziwitso zabodza, makamaka m'misika yovuta. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zina zamakono kuti mutsimikizire chizindikiro musanapange chisankho cha malonda.
Pomaliza, kudalira kokha pa Moving Averages zingabweretse ku zolakwika zodula. Ngakhale ma Moving Average ndi zida zamphamvu, sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito paokha. Ndi zizindikiro zotsalira ndipo zimasonyeza mitengo yam'mbuyo. Choncho, iwo sanganene molondola za kayendetsedwe ka mitengo yamtsogolo. Kuphatikiza Ma Average Oyenda ndi zida zina zowunikira luso monga mizere yamayendedwe, kuthandizira ndi milingo yokana, ndi kuchuluka kungapereke malingaliro ochulukirapo amsika ndikupangitsa zisankho zodziwika bwino zamalonda.
Kumbukirani, Moving Average ndi chida chimodzi chokha mu a trader's toolbox. Zitha kukhala zothandiza kwambiri zikagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, koma si zamatsenga. Popewa zolakwika zomwe wambazi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Moving Averages pazomwe angathe ndikukulitsa njira yanu yogulitsira.
3.1. Kutanthauzira Molakwika kwa Zizindikiro
Kutanthauzira molakwika kwa zizindikiro ndi mbuna wamba kuti traders nthawi zambiri amagwera mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma avareji osuntha. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri traders amapanga zisankho mopupuluma potengera kusinthasintha kwakanthawi, m'malo mongoyang'ana zochitika zonse.
Mwachitsanzo, a trader akhoza kuwona kusuntha kwapakati kwakanthawi kochepa kuposa kusuntha kwanthawi yayitali ndikutanthauzira mwachangu izi ngati chizindikiro champhamvu. Komabe, popanda kuganizira za msika waukulu, izi zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro chabodza. Ngati msika uli pansi kwa nthawi yayitali, mtanda uwu ukhoza kungokhala kubwereza kwakanthawi, ndipo zochitika zonse za bearish zitha kupitilira posachedwa.
Kumvetsetsa za msika ndizofunikira. Kuwoloka kwapakati pamayendedwe okwera kumatha kukhala chizindikiro champhamvu, koma kuwoloka komweko mu downtrend kumatha kukhala msampha wa chimbalangondo. Traders chifukwa chake ayenera kuganizira za mayendedwe ambiri amsika ndi zizindikiro zina zaumisiri musanapange chisankho chamalonda potengera kusuntha kwapakati pa crossover.
Kulakwitsa kwina kofala ndi kudalira kwambiri kusuntha kwapakati. Ngakhale kusuntha kwapakati kungakhale chida chothandiza mu a trader's arsenal, siziyenera kukhala maziko okhawo pazosankha zamalonda. Zinthu zina monga mtengo wamtengo, kuchuluka kwa voliyumu, ndi zizindikiro zina zaukadaulo ndi zofunikira ziyeneranso kuganiziridwa.
Kumbukirani, kusuntha kwapakati ndi zizindikiro zotsalira. Amayimira kayendedwe kamtengo kapitako, osati mtsogolo. Choncho, ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zizindikiro zina ndi zida zowonjezera mwayi wopambana trades. Chinsinsi cha malonda opambana sikupeza 'chipolopolo chamatsenga', koma m'malo mwake kupanga njira yogulitsira yokwanira, yokwanira bwino.
3.2. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Molakwika
Kusuntha malire, m’malo amalonda, amatumikira monga chida chamtengo wapatali, chowongolera traders ku zisankho zopindulitsa. Komabe, mphamvu zawo zimatengera kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera. A wamba dzenje kuti traders nthawi zambiri amagonja ndi ntchito yolakwika za ma avareji osuntha.
Tengani, mwachitsanzo, Average Yoyenda Yosavuta (SMA) ndi Zolemba Zopindulitsa Zowonjezera (EMA). SMA ndi yowongoka, imawerengera mtengo wapakati pa nthawi inayake. EMA, kumbali ina, imapereka kulemera kwamitengo yaposachedwa. Tsopano, ngati a trader amagwiritsa ntchito EMA pamsika womwe ukusowa kusasinthasintha, zotsatira zake zingakhale zosocheretsa. EMA ikhoza kuwonetsa kusintha komwe sikukuchitika chifukwa cha chidwi chake pamitengo yaposachedwa.
Mofananamo, kugwiritsa ntchito SMA pamsika wovuta kwambiri kungayambitse zizindikiro mochedwa chifukwa zimaganizira mitengo yonse mofanana. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti tradekulowa kapena kutuluka pamalo mochedwa kwambiri.
- Kusankha nthawi yolakwika ndi cholakwika china chofala. Avereji yosuntha ya masiku 200 ikhoza kugwira ntchito bwino kwa osunga ndalama nthawi yayitali, koma kwa tsiku limodzi trader, kusuntha kwapakati kwa mphindi 15 kungakhale koyenera.
- Traders nthawi zambiri kutanthauzira molakwika zizindikiro za crossover. Crossover ndi pamene kusuntha kwa nthawi yaifupi kumadutsa pakati pa nthawi yayitali. Komabe, crossover imodzi siyenera kukhala choyambitsa chokha cha a trade. Mfundo zina ziyenera kuganiziridwa.
Zizindikiro zabodza ndi nkhani ina yomwe imabwera kuchokera ku ntchito yolakwika. Mwachitsanzo, panthawi yogwirizanitsa, chiwerengero chosuntha chikhoza kupereka chizindikiro chogula kapena kugulitsa, koma kwenikweni ndi 'alamu yabodza'.
Kumbukirani, kusuntha kwapakati sikungalephereke. Ndi zida zomwe, zikagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, zimatha kupereka zidziwitso zofunikira ndikuwongolera zosankha zamalonda. Koma zikagwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika, zimatha kubweretsa zolakwika zambiri. Monga chida chilichonse chamalonda, kumvetsetsa mphamvu zake ndi zofooka zake ndikofunikira kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito bwino.
