1. Kumvetsetsa Maudindo Afupiafupi Opangidwa
Mu ufumu wa malonda, Zochita Zachidule Zachidule sewera gawo lalikulu. Ndi njira yobadwa kuchokera kusakanikirana kwa zosankha zamalonda ndi kugulitsa kwakanthawi kochepa komwe kumawonetsa kubweza kwa kugulitsa kwakanthawi kochepa. Zimagwira ntchito bwanji? M'malo mongogulitsa pang'ono pagulu, traders imayambitsa njira yayifupi yopangira pogula njira yoyika ndikugulitsa kuyimba pachitetezo chofanana chomwe chili ndi mtengo wofanana ndi tsiku lotha ntchito.
Uwiri uwu wa options amapereka a trader ndi kusinthasintha kuti apindule ndi kuchepa kwa mtengo wachitetezo - lingaliro losangalatsa komanso losokoneza. Ndikofunikira kuti kuphatikizika kwa njira ziwirizi munthawi imodzi kukhale ngati mwala wapangodya wowonetsetsa kuti ntchito zazifupi zopanga zikuyenda bwino.
Mosiyana ndi chikhalidwe chachidule, pomwe munthu amabwereka magawo kuti agulitse ndikuyembekeza kutsika kwamitengo, kupanga yochepa malo sichifuna kubwereka magawo, kuchepetsa chiopsezo a pofupikitsa. Zosangalatsa sichoncho? Komabe, kuyendetsa izi kumafuna kudziwa zambiri za zosankha njira malonda ndi zoopsa zomwe zimachitika, makamaka ngati mtengo wamasheya ukukwera m'malo motsika.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kukhazikitsa malo afupiafupi opangidwa ndi njira yapamwamba yomwe imafuna kulolerana kwachiwopsezo chachikulu. Monga Investor, nthawi zonse onetsetsani kuti kuwunika kowopsa kwachitika. Pamsika wosasinthika, kuthekera kwakukwera kosayembekezereka kwa mtengo wachitetezo sikunganyalanyazidwe. Kuchepetsa zochitika zotere, njira yodzitchinjiriza, kapena kuphweka, kukhazikitsa kupuma-kutaya malangizo akhoza kusintha kwambiri.
Kutengera Synthetic Short Position kumatha kukhala chida chothandiza kwa olosera, ma hedgers, ndi omwe akufunafuna mwayi koma zimabwera ndi zovuta komanso zovuta zomwe ziyenera kumveka bwino ndikuyendetsedwa bwino. Apa ndi pamene anatsimikiza traders amawonetsa luso lawo, ndipo kumvetsetsa kwawo kwa malo afupiafupi opangidwa kumakhala njira yawo yopambana pamalonda.
| Malingaliro | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Synthetic Short Selling | A njira yamalonda zomwe zimalola osunga ndalama kuti apindule ndi kutsika kwa mtengo wa chinthu popanda kukhala nacho kapena kubwereka. |
| zigawo | Kugula njira yoyika (kubetcha pamtengo wotsika) ndikugulitsa njira yoyimbira foni (yomwe ikuyenera kugulitsa pamtengo wokwera). |
| Advantages | Palibe kubwereka komwe kumafunikira, chiopsezo chochepa, komanso kusinthasintha kwamitengo yamitengo ndi masiku otha ntchito. |
| Kuwopsa | Kuthekera kwa phindu lochepa, kutha kwa zosankha, komanso kukhudzidwa ndi kusakhazikika komanso momwe msika uliri. |
1.1. Tanthauzo la Malo Afupiafupi Opangidwa
Zochita Zachidule Zachidule, kuchokera a trader, perekani njira yapadera yoti mutenge nawo gawo pamisika yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yovuta kuigwiritsa. Kutanthauzidwa ngati njira yoyendetsera ndalama yomwe imaphatikizapo kugulitsa chida chandalama chomwe wogulitsa alibe mwini wake, Synthetic Short Positions amadalira msakanizo wa ma contract omwe angasankhe kuti ayesere phindu lomwe lingakhalepo komanso kuopsa kokhala ndi nthawi yochepa pa chinthu chomwe chili pansi.
Kuyang'ana mozama muzaukadaulo, kukhazikitsidwa kwa Synthetic Short Position kumachitika pogulitsa foni ndikugula njira yoyika. Zosankha zonse ziwirizi ziyenera kukhala ndi mtengo womwewo wa kumenyedwa ndi masiku otha ntchito. Malo apaderawa amapereka tradeNdi mwayi wolingalira za kutsika kwamitengo, kapena kutsekereza kutsika kwamitengo komwe kungachitike.
Mwachidule, ngati a trader akuyembekeza kutsika kwakukulu kwa mtengo wazinthu zina koma amapeza kubwereka masheya kuti agulitse kwakanthawi kochepa kapena kokwera mtengo, Synthetic Short Position ikhoza kukhala yankho labwino. Izi zimapangitsa kuti trader kukwaniritsa malo amsika ofanana ndi kugulitsa kwakanthawi, osafuna kubwereka kwenikweni kwa katunduyo.
Mfundo yofunika kuikumbukira Zochita Zachidule Zachidule ndi chiopsezo chomwe chimanyamula. Ngakhale kuti imatsegula chitseko cha phindu mumsika wochepa, kukwera kwa mtengo wamtengo wapatali kungapangitse kutayika kwakukulu. Chifukwa chake, sungani njira iyi nthawi zomwe kutsika kwamitengo kumawoneka ngati kotheka.
Kumvetsetsa kukula ndi malire a Synthetic Short Positions ndikofunikira pamalonda odziwa bwino. Kudziwa za ndalama zosafunikira, kuwonekera pachiwopsezo, komanso zovuta zowongolera maudindowa zimapereka traders ndi chidwi chopanga zisankho zowunikira, potero zimawonjezera mwayi wopeza phindu. Kumvetsetsa momwe Synthetic Short Positions imagwirira ntchito ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri trader's toolkit.
1.2. Kufunika Kwamagawo Afupiafupi Opangidwa
Zopanga zazifupi malo amasewera ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazamalonda. Ndi izi, osunga ndalama amapeza luso phindu pakutsika kwa mtengo wachitetezo popanda kufunika kokhala ndi chitetezo poyamba. Iyi ndi njira yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kubwereka kwenikweni kwachitetezo kumakhala kovuta kapena kokwera mtengo. Limapereka njira ina yochepetsera wamba, kutengera njira yolipira yomweyi.
Creative zachuma engineering yapangitsa kuti magawo afupikitsidwe apangidwe kuti athe kupezeka ndi anthu ambiri amsika. Mabungwe akuluakulu azachuma salinso opindulitsa okha. Otsatsa malonda nawonso, atha kutenga nawo gawo munjira zatsopanozi, malinga ngati ali ndi chidziwitso chambiri pazamalonda.
Chinthu china chofunika kwambiri ndi kusinthasintha kwa malo afupiafupi opangidwa. Amalola osunga ndalama kuwongolera mwanzeru ngozi potsekereza ma portfolio awo motsutsana ndi kutsika komwe kungachitike pamsika. Izi zimachitika popanga 'chitetezo choyikapo', chomwe ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pazopanga zazifupi. Ndi chitetezo chamtundu uliwonse, choteteza mbiriyo ku zovuta zilizonse zachuma.
Liquidity ndi malonda ena akuluakuluvantage zomwe zimabwera ndi zopanga zazifupi zazifupi. Kugulitsa akabudula opangidwa kumabweretsa ndalama zambiri pamsika. Mosiyana ndi kugulitsa kwakanthawi kochepa komwe munthu atha kukhala ndi magawo omwe ndi ovuta kubwereka, malo achidule opangidwa amalambalala nkhani zotere. Izi nazonso, kumapangitsa kuti msika ugwire bwino ntchito pamene akupereka mwayi wambiri wopeza phindu.
Zonsezi, kupangidwa kwatsopano, kusinthasintha, kuchuluka kwa kupezeka, ndi kuwonjezereka kwa ndalama zamadzimadzi ndi zina mwa zifukwa zomwe kufunikira kwa malo afupiafupi opangidwa sikunganenedwe mopambanitsa. Iwo akhala ikupezeka paliponse m'mabuku otsogola azachuma, kupanga njira zamalonda ndi kulimbikitsa madera.
2. Momwe Maupangiri Afupiafupi Amagwirira Ntchito
Zopanga zazifupi maudindo juxtapose zida ziwiri zachuma, options ndi m'matangadza, kuyerekezera malo aafupi. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri traders kubetcherana kukwera mtengo kwa katundu popanda kukhala ndi katundu. Mwatsatanetsatane, a trader amapanga malo afupiafupi pogula njira yoyika pomwe akugulitsanso njira yofanana yoyimbira chinthu chomwecho.
Chakudya cha malo afupiafupi opangidwa amabwera ndi tsiku lotha ntchito chifukwa zimatengera zosankha. Phindu ndi kutayika kwa mawonekedwe afupiafupi opangidwa ndi ofanana ndi kugulitsa kwakanthawi kochepa. Kutsika kulikonse kwa mtengo wamtengo wapatali kumabweretsa phindu, pamene kuwonjezeka kumabweretsa kutayika.
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chomwe chiyenera kuganiziridwa pokhazikitsa malo afupiafupi opangidwa ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali. Investor ayenera kusankha mtengo wofanana wogunda pazosankha zoyika ndikuyimbira kuti mutsanzire kugulitsa kwakanthawi kochepa. Zomwe zili ndi izi pazotsatira zamalonda sizinganenedwe mopambanitsa.
Kupatula apo, kusakhazikika komwe kumatanthawuza kumayima ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimakhudza magawo afupiafupi opangidwa. Kuwonjezeka kosasunthika kumafanana ndi malipiro apamwamba pa zosankha, motero, mtengo wopangira malowo umakwera. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kuchepa kwa kusinthasintha kumabweretsa kutsika kwa malipiro, kuchepetsa mtengo.
M'misika yazachuma, kugwiritsa ntchito masinthidwe amfupi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri traders kuti afotokoze malingaliro awo amsika. Amapereka kusakanikirana kwapadera kwa kusinthasintha ndi kuwonetseredwa, kulola traders kuti apange malo ovuta okhala ndi masheya apansi. Zingawoneke zovuta kukhala zatsopano traders, koma ndi njira yolondola, masinthidwe achidule atha kukhala chida champhamvu mu a trader ndi arsenal. Komabe, monga momwe zilili ndi njira ina iliyonse yazachuma, ilibe vuto lililonse ndipo iyenera kulowetsedwa ndi dongosolo losamaliridwa bwino komanso kumvetsetsa bwino.
2.1. Ndondomeko Yokhazikitsa Malo Afupiafupi a Synthetic
Maudindo afupikitsa a Synthetic akuyimira njira yamalonda yapamwamba komwe traders kubwereza zomwe zingabwerenso pakugulitsa kwakanthawi pogwiritsa ntchito ndalama. Njira iyi, yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Ndalama Zakunja, zosankha, ndi zam'tsogolo traders, imafunikira luso pakumvetsetsa zida zosiyanasiyana zotumphukira monga zosankha, ma swaps, zam'tsogolo, ndi kutsogolo.
Mphepete mwa malo afupiafupi opangidwa agona pakupanga zinthu ziwiri zofunika kwambiri: kuyimba kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kuyika kwautali, zonse zokhala ndi mtengo womwewo komanso kutha kwake. Kuphatikizika kwa maudindo awiriwa kumatsanzira momwe mungapezere phindu ndi kutayika kwa kugulitsa kwakanthawi kochepa kwachitetezo chokhazikika.
Kukhazikitsa Position Yachidule Yopanga ndi ndondomeko mosamala. The trader imayamba ndikugulitsa njira yoyimbira pachitetezo chomwe akuyembekeza kuti chitsika mtengo. Ngakhale njira yoyimba foni imapatsa mwiniwakeyo ufulu wogula chitetezo chapansi pamtengo wodziwika chisankhocho chisanathe, pogulitsa njira yoyimbira, trader ikufuna kuti mtengo wachitetezo uchepe.
Gawo lachiwiri la kukhazikitsidwa limaphatikizapo kugula njira yoyika pachitetezo chofanana ndi mtengo womwewo wa kumenyedwa ndi tsiku lotha ntchito. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi trader ufulu wogulitsa chitetezo pamtengo wogulira, kuwateteza ngati mtengo wachitetezo ukukwera m'malo motsika momwe amayembekezeredwa.
Kulinganiza malowa kumachepetsa zoopsa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kugulitsa kwakanthawi. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ngakhale mwayi wopeza phindu uli wopanda malire, njira yoyika ndalamayi ilibe zoopsa, chifukwa kukwera kwakukulu kwamtengo wamtengo wapatali kumatha kutayika.
Makamaka, mutu waung'ono ma nuances pakukhazikitsa malo afupiafupi ophatikizika angaphatikizepo kusankha kwa mtengo wonyanyala, womwe uyenera kuwonetsa mtengo wachitetezo chamsika. Kutha kwa nthawi komwe kwapatsidwa kuyenera kupereka nthawi yokwanira kuti mitengo yomwe ikuyembekezeredwa ichepe.
The mmphepete zofunika za mtundu uwu wa khwekhwe kachiwiri zingasiyane pakati brokers, kuzipangitsa kukhala zofunika kwa traders kumvetsa awo brokerZofunikira zenizeni. Chifukwa chake, kuchita njirayi kumafuna chidziwitso chokwanira chamsika, luso loyang'anira zoopsa ndi ndalama, komanso kumvetsetsa bwino zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
2.2. Kuwunika Kwachiwopsezo ndi Kasamalidwe mu Synthetic Short Positions
Zochita Zachidule Zachidule ikhoza kukhala chida champhamvu kwambiri pamasewera trader's arsenal, kupereka mpanda m'misika yakugwa, komanso mwayi wopeza phindu. Pamodzi ndi zopindula zomwe zingatheke, komabe, pali zoopsa zazikulu zomwe zimafuna kusanthula kasamalidwe kokwanira kuti muyende bwino.
Zowopsa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi Synthetic Short Positions kumaphatikizapo kukhudzidwa ndi kayendetsedwe ka msika komanso chiwopsezo cha zachuma. Chiwopsezo chowonjezereka chimabwera chifukwa cha kukwera kwa mtengo wamtengo wapatali, kuonjezera mtengo wogulanso katunduyo kuti atseke. Chiwopsezo cha Liquidity, msampha wina wamba, umawonekera pamene msika ulibe ogula kapena ogulitsa okwanira pamtengo wina wake, motero kumapangitsa kukhala kovuta traders kuchita zawo trades bwino, nthawi zina kumabweretsa zotayika kwambiri.
Zowopsa zomwe zabadwazi zimafunikira njira yoyendetsera zoopsa zomwe zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito ma stop-loss order ndikuwunika Malonda osasunthika. Kulemba ntchito a kuyimitsa-kutayika kumakhudzanso kuyika mulingo wodziwikiratu wamsika womwe, ukafika, umayambitsa kugulitsa kwachitetezo. Njira imeneyi imateteza kuchepetsa kutayika muzochitika zomwe katunduyo akuyenda molakwika.
Kuwunika kusakhazikika kwa msika - chinthu china chofunikira chomwe chimakhudza Synthetic Short Positions. Kusasinthika kwa msika kumawonetsa kuchuluka komwe mtengo wa katundu umakwera kapena kutsika pagulu lazobweza. Kusasunthika kwakukulu kumatanthauza kuti katundu akhoza kugawidwa pamtengo wokulirapo, motero, mtengo wa katunduyo ukhoza kusintha kwambiri pakapita nthawi yochepa kumbali zonse. Zizindikiro ngati Index ya Volatility (VIX) itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa momwe msika ulili ndikudziwitsa trades.
Zida zowongolera zoopsa monga zida zotumphukira zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri poteteza ku zowonongeka zomwe zingatheke. Zotuluka monga zam'tsogolo, zosankha ndi ma swaps zimatha kuthetsa kutayika kwa zinthu zomwe zili pansi, potero zimapereka inshuwaransi yamtundu wina pamavuto amsika.
Kupyolera mu kuwunika mosamala za chiopsezo chomwe chingakhalepo, kugwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru malamulo oletsa kutayika, kuwunika mosamalitsa kusinthasintha kwa msika, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru zotumphukira, traders imatha kudutsa kusatsimikizika komwe kumabwera ndi Synthetic Short Positions. Komabe, mosalekeza maphunziro ndikukhalabe osinthika pakusintha kwamayendedwe ndi njira kumakhalabe mwala wapangodya pakuwongolera zoopsa.
3. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Maudindo Afupiafupi Opanga Pamikhalidwe Yosiyanasiyana Yamsika
Kusakhazikika kwa msika komanso zikhulupiriro zamabizinesi zimakhudza kugwiritsa ntchito malo afupiafupi opangidwa, njira yotsogola kwambiri. Mu msika wa bullish, malo afupiafupi opangidwa angawoneke ngati osagwirizana. Komabe, imapereka njira yotchinga yothandiza polimbana ndi kugwa. Kupyolera mukugwira nthawi yayitali komanso kuyimba foni kwakanthawi pamtengo womwewo komanso kutha kwake, malo amatha kutetezedwa mwadzidzidzi. kusintha kwa msika. “Inshuwaransi” imeneyi imabwera chifukwa chotaya phindu, koma ikhoza kukhala yothandiza ngati msika utsika mosayembekezereka.
Msika wa Bearish pangani momveka bwino pamaudindo afupiafupi opangidwa. Apa, wogulitsa ndalama yemwe akuyembekezera kutsika kwina akhoza kupindula ndi kutsika kwamitengo popanda kufunikira ndalama zoyambira. Pogwiritsa ntchito kachipangizo kakang'ono kameneka, phindu limawonjezeka pamene chitetezo chimachepa.
Mukakumana ndi a msika wosakhazikika, kuphatikiza mawonekedwe afupiafupi opangira amatha kufewetsa nkhonya zomwe zingachitike pagulu. Oikapo ndalama atha kupanga malo achidule afupikitsa motsutsana ndi malo awo aatali kuti achepetse chiwopsezo. Ngakhale izi zingatanthauze kuchepetsa mwayi wopeza phindu, ndi njira yothandiza yowonetsetsa kuti mbiriyo ikupitilira kusinthasintha kwa msika.
Pomaliza, mu khola kapena misika yopanda ndale, malo achifupi opangidwa akadali ndi malo awo. Otsatsa omwe akukayikira kuti chitetezo chachulukirachulukira atha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zazifupi zopangira kuti apindule ndi kuwongolera mtengo komwe kungathe kuchitika popanda kufupikitsa katunduyo, kuwapulumutsa kukutaika kopanda malire ngati mtengo wamasheya ukukwera.
Maudindo afupikitsa amadzipangitsa kukhala zida zosunthika pamisika yosiyanasiyana. Ndi malingaliro abwino komanso chidwi chamsika, amakhala gawo lofunikira la zida za osunga ndalama, okonzeka kupititsa patsogolo kukhazikika kwambiri komanso phindu posatengera momwe msika ukuyendera.
3.1. Udindo wa Maudindo Afupiafupi Opangidwa M'misika ya Bull
Zopanga zazifupi malo nthawi zonse amakhala ngati njira zodziwikiratu m'dziko lachipwirikiti lazamalonda, makamaka m'misika ya ng'ombe. Msika wa ng'ombe, womwe umadziwika ndi kukwera kwamitengo komanso chiyembekezo chamalonda, ukhoza kuwoneka ngati uchotsa lingaliro loyambitsa ntchito zazifupi. Komabe, apa ndipamene chithumwa chenicheni cha malo afupiafupi opangira amawala. Kupanga malo ang'onoang'ono pamsika wa ng'ombe kumaphatikizapo kupanga malo omwe amatsanzira kuchepa kwa masheya popanda njira yogulitsa ndi kugula.
Mwachitsanzo, wobwereketsa akhoza kupanga malo afupiafupi popanga njira yoyika nthawi yayitali ndikugulitsa kuyimba foni pamtengo womwewo womwe umatha ntchito. Zosankha ziwirizi zikuphatikiza kutsanzira phindu lomwe lingakhalepo pakugulitsa kwakanthawi kochepa katundu weniweni. Makamaka, ngakhale kugulitsa kwakanthawi kochepa kumakhala ndi phindu lochepa komanso kutayika kopanda malire, malo afupiafupi opangidwa, komabe, amapereka phindu lopanda malire ndi chiopsezo chodziwika.
Maudindo afupiafupi opangidwa amakhala ndi mphamvu zenizeni pamaso pa thovu longoyerekeza. Pamsika wamalonda, mitengo nthawi zambiri imachoka pamtengo wamkati, ndikupanga mavuvu a ndalama. Poyambitsa masinthidwe amfupi, traders kuchepetsa zoopsa ndikukhalabe ndi mwayi wopeza phindu lalikulu. Ngakhale kuti msika wa ng'ombe poyamba ukhoza kuwoneka wotsutsana ndi njira zazifupi, ntchito yowonjezereka ya masiketi afupiafupi opangidwa amawonetsa mtengo wake ngakhale pakukwera mitengo.
3.2. Udindo wa Maudindo Afupiafupi Opangidwa M'misika ya Zimbalangondo
M'malo amalonda, Zochita Zachidule Zachidule kuwoneka ngati chida chothandizira pamisika yazimbalangondo. Opangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali komanso kuyimba kwakanthawi kochepa pamtengo womwewo, amatsanzira mawonekedwe achidule olunjika pamasheya. Cholinga chachikulu ndikutengera kutsika kwamitengo yamasheya kuti tipeze phindu.
M'misika ya zimbalangondo, yomwe imadziwika ndi kutsika kwamitengo yamitengo, traders amathamangira ku zida zomwe zimatha kupereka mpanda kapena kupereka phindu. Masinthidwe afupiafupi amalowa m'malo ndendende apa, kulola traders kuti apindule ndi malingaliro a bearish. Amapereka phindu lomwe lingakhalepo popindula ndi kutsika kwamitengo, kuwonetsa phindu la kugulitsa kwakanthawi kochepa.
Maudindo oterowo ndi chida chothandiza kwambiri pamigawo yamisika ya bearish. A trader, kuyembekezera kutsika kwa mtengo wa katundu wogwiridwa, akhoza kupanga malo afupiafupi opangidwa. Pochita izi, amatseka mtengo wamtengo wapatali wamtengo wapatali womwe udzagulitsidwe pambuyo pake, potero amateteza kutsika kwamtengo wamtengo wapatali. Ndilofanana ndi digito ya inshuwaransi pazachuma chanu.
Komabe, malo afupiafupi opangidwa amakhala opanda chiopsezo. Kugwiritsa ntchito zosankha kumatanthawuza kuti kuwonongeka kwa nthawi ndi kusintha kwa kusasinthasintha kungakhudze malo. Izi, kuphatikiza ndi kufunikira kokhala ndi ndalama zokwanira kapena malire kuti mugule masheya ofananirako ngati aperekedwa, zimawonjezera zovuta zake.
Ngakhale zovuta izi, kufunikira kwa malo afupiafupi opangidwa m'misika ya zimbalangondo kumakhalabebe trader kupindula ndi kutsika kwamitengo. Poonetsetsa chida chotchingira, malowa amapereka zotsatsavantage zobweranso zamphamvu, zodalira pa nthawi yabwino trades ndi canny strategy kukhazikitsa.
4. Impact of Regulations pa Synthetic Short Positions
Zowongolera zowongolera zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu pakuchita bwino komanso kupindula kwa malo afupiafupi opangidwa. Mabungwe owongolera, monga Financial Services Conduct Authority ku South Africa, imayang'anitsitsa zochitika zonse zachuma kuti ziteteze zofuna za osunga ndalama ndikuwonetsetsa kukhulupirika kwa msika.
Zotsatira za malamulowa pazochita zazifupi zopanga zimatha kukhala zabwino komanso zoyipa. Pazotsatira zabwino, malamulo atha kupereka gawo limodzi pochepetsa mwayi wosokoneza msika ndikulimbikitsa kuwonekera. Athanso kupititsa patsogolo chitetezo chamabizinesi pofuna kuwululidwa kwathunthu za zoopsa zomwe zingachitike komanso mphotho zomwe zingachitike.
Komabe, malamulo amathanso kuyambitsa zoletsa zazikulu komanso zolemetsa. Mwachitsanzo, kufunikira koulula kokhazikika kumatha kulepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zazifupi zopanga panthawi yake. Malamulo athanso kuchepetsa kupezeka kwa zida zofunika zachuma (Mwachitsanzo ETFs), potero kuchepetsa kuthekera kwa traders kukhazikitsa malo afupiafupi opangidwa.
Kuwonjezeka kwa ndalama zofunika zokhazikitsidwa ndi maulamuliro ndi mbali ina yomwe ingakhudze zopanga zazifupi zazifupi. Izi zitha kupangitsa kulowa m'malo afupiafupi kukhala okwera mtengo, zomwe zitha kulepheretsa osunga ndalama ang'onoang'ono kapena traders ndi bajeti yocheperako.
Chofunika kwambiri, zotsatira za malamulo zimatha kusiyanasiyana m'malo osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri traders kuti amvetsetse bwino momwe amayendetsedwera komwe amagwirira ntchito asanayambe ntchito iliyonse yachidule. M'malo othamanga, omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha malonda a zachuma, kukhala osakonzekera kapena osadziwa kungayambitse kutaya kwakukulu.
Compliance imakhalabe chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakugulitsa malo amfupi opangidwa. Ndikofunikira kwa traders kuyang'anira kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kamwenibundubundundu nakongndundundundundundunduXNUMX ubemana kweshoni kweshoniwushoniwuKweshoniwu zi dzeboaji liwone m'makutu kuti asunge zopindulitsa pomwe akukhala mkati mwalamulo. Kunyalanyaza kapena kusamvetsetsa zofunikira zamalamulo kungayambitse zilango zazikulu kapenanso kuletsedwa kuchita malonda.
Kuyendera malo owongolera zingakhale zovuta, koma ndi gawo lofunika la malonda opambana. Kugwira ntchito ndi alangizi odziwa bwino, kukhalabe osinthika pakusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake kuti ukhale ndi malingaliro oyendetsera kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. traders amayang'anira momwe malamulo amakhudzira magawo awo afupikitsa bwino.
4.1. Malingaliro Oyang'anira pa Maudindo Afupiafupi a Synthetic
Malingaliro owongolera ndi gawo lofunikira pakumvetsetsa mawonekedwe amipangidwe afupiafupi. Olamulira, monga Financial Sector Conduct Authority (FSCA) ku South Africa, amapereka malingaliro apadera panjira zovuta zachuma izi.
Malamulo ndi zopangira zazifupi malo: Ngakhale kuti sizimayendetsedwa kwambiri ngati kugulitsa kwakanthawi kochepa, malo afupiafupi opangidwa amatsatiridwa ndi malamulo azachuma. Malamulo a Securities Lending and Borrowing (SLB) amawongolera zochitika izi traders ikufuna kupindula ndi kutsika kwamitengo komwe kukuyembekezeka.
Oyang'anira amafuna kuteteza chilungamo ndi kuwonekera kwa msika, kuchepetsa zoopsa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi malonda achinyengo. Njira imodzi yomwe amachitira izi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti onse ogulitsa malonda afupikitsa akutsatira malangizo okhwima a malipoti, omwe amalimbikitsa kuwonekera pamsika.
Kupeza zambiri: Kupezeka kwa anthu pazidziwitso zotere kumatsimikizira kuti aliyense trader amatha kupanga zisankho mwanzeru. Cholinga chake ndikulimbikitsa chilungamo ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo chachinyengo m'misika yachuma. Mmodzi ayenera kumvetsetsa malingaliro owongolera awa kuti atsimikizire kutsatiridwa pochita kufupikitsa kopanga.
Kusunga malamulo: Ochita malonda omwe satsatira malamulo omwe adakhazikitsidwa akhoza kukumana ndi zilango zazikulu. Chifukwa chake, aliyense trader akuyenera kudziwa bwino za kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake.
malingaliro Final: Pamapeto pake, kawonedwe kaulamuliro wa malo afupiafupi opangidwa amatsindika mfundo yakuti ngakhale izi zingakhale zida zopindulitsa kwa osunga ndalama odziwa zambiri, ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera komanso momveka bwino, ndikumvetsetsa bwino za zoopsa zomwe zingachitike.
4.2. Mfundo Zofunikira Kwa Ogulitsa
Mfundo Zofunikira Kwa Ogulitsa idakali gawo lofunikira kwambiri pazamalonda, makamaka kwa iwo omwe akutsata njira zovuta, monga masinthidwe afupiafupi opangidwa. Kuwoneka ndi kutsata mfundo zotsatiridwa kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kukhulupirika komwe kumathandizira kudalirana ndi owongolera, makasitomala, ndi anzawo amsika.
Kumvetsetsa ma nuances a malamulo amfupi ogulitsa, mwachitsanzo, ndikofunikira. Ngakhale masinthidwe afupiafupi atha kuwoneka ofanana ndi mabizinesi amfupi, palidi kusiyana komwe kumafunikira njira zosiyanasiyana zokhuza kutsata malamulo. Si zachilendo kwa traders kulephera kutsatiridwa ndi malamulo chifukwa cha kusamvetsetsa kusiyana kobisika uku.
Kugulitsa Kwachidule Kwamaliseche molimbana ndi Kugulitsa Kwachidule kaŵirikaŵiri kungayambitse chisokonezo. Amalonda ayenera kumvetsetsa kuti ngakhale kugulitsa kochepa kumaphatikizapo kubwereketsa masheya kuti agulitse, ndikuyembekeza kuwagulanso pamtengo wotsika, kugulitsa kwaufupi kumachitika pamene trader amagulitsa zitetezo popanda kubwereka. Yotsirizirayi nthawi zambiri imatengedwa ngati njira yowopsa komanso yosatsatira malamulo ambiri.
Ogulitsa ndi Udindo wa Ma Broker-Dealers ndizofunika kwambiri zikafika pakutsata malamulo amalonda. Ma broker amakhala ngati mkhalapakati pakati traders ndi Securities Market. Kuthana ndi odalirika komanso oyendetsedwa bwino broker ndikofunikira kupewa zolakwa zomwe zingatheke. Atha kuwunikiranso zofunikira zoyendetsera ntchito zazifupi zopangira ndikuthandizira kulongosola mizere kuti isadutse.
amakhala msana wa kutsata malamulo. Mabungwe owongolera amafunikira brokers kusunga zolemba zatsatanetsatane zazochitika zonse, lamulo lofunikira mofanana traders. Pamikangano kapena kuwunika, zolemba zolondola zitha kukhala zothandiza powonetsa kulimbikira komanso kutsatira malamulo.
Kumvetsetsa zoyambira zotsatizanazi kungapereke mwayi wochepetsetsa wamalonda ndikuteteza a tradeZokonda za r mu dziko lovuta la masinthidwe afupiafupi opangidwa. Kuwayika munjira zamalonda kumatsimikizira traders amakhala m'njira zovomerezeka ndikutsatira machitidwe abwino. Kugwira ntchito ndi malangizowa kumalimbikitsa kukhulupirika pamsika, kumapangitsa olamulira kukhala okhutira, komanso kumalimbikitsa malingaliro a makasitomala.
5. Malondavantages ndi Disadvantages of Synthetic Short Positions
Poyang'ana m'malo amfupi opangidwa, munthu sangayang'ane pazambiri zabwino ndi zoyipa zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi chikhalidwe chake. Kuwunika bwino njira zachuma zotere, kufotokozera zonse ziwiri za advantages ndi disadvantages ziyeneretso zoyenera kusamala za kuthekera traders.
Advantages of Synthetic Short Positions
kusinthasintha imawala ngati malonda apamwambavantage za kupanga zazifupi malo. Zimalola a trader kusintha njira zopangira ndalama popanda kusintha masheya omwe ali pansi. Zopanga zazifupi maudindo amalipiranso
Phindu Kutsika Mtengo. Mosiyana ndi umwini wamba wamba pomwe kuyamikira kwakukulu kumatsatiridwa, phindu limapezeka ndi kutsika kwa mtengo wa katunduyo. Onjezani 'Leveraging' pamndandanda wamapindu ake - zazifupi zopangira zitha kutsegulidwa ndi ndalama zochepa poyerekeza ndi kugulitsa kwakanthawi kochepa.
Zowopsavantages of Synthetic Short Positions
Komabe, gudumu lozungulira lamalingaliro amsika silimangokhala ndi zotsatsavantages. Zotayika zomwe zingatheke chifukwa cha Spike wosayembekezeka mu mtengo wa katundu zimabweretsa chiopsezo chachikulu kwa traders. Kukwera kwadzidzidzi kumeneku kungakweze mtengo wowombolanso masheya. Komanso, Finyani Mwachidule zochitika zitha kubweretsa vuto lalikulu mitengo yamagawo ikakwera mwadzidzidzi, zomwe zimakakamiza ogulitsa afupi kuti alembe zomwe ali nazo pamitengo yokwera. A Kuitana kwa Margin ndi chiwopsezo china chotheka - kufunidwa ndi a brokerzaka kwa a trader kusungitsa ndalama zina kapena zotetezedwa kuti zilipire zotayika zomwe zingatheke.
M'malo mwake, ngakhale malo afupiafupi opangidwa amapereka njira ina yopezera phindu m'misika yomwe ikugwa yomwe ili ndi kuthekera kwakukulu komanso kusinthasintha kwaukadaulo, amadza ndi ziwopsezo zakukwera kwamitengo kosayembekezereka, kuyimbirana malire ndi kufinyidwa kwakanthawi. Njira yoyendetsera bwino imeneyi imafuna traders kuwunika momwe zinthu ziliri komanso zida osati mapulani angozi komanso njira zodzitetezera.
5.1. Ubwino Wopanga Maudindo Afupiafupi
Mawonekedwe achidule a Synthetic ndi chida chosunthika cha aliyense trader's portfolio. Ubwino waukulu wa maudindowa ndi kuthekera kwawo chiopsezo cha hedge m'misika yosasinthika. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zazifupi komanso zopangira, traders amatha kuteteza malo awo aatali kutsika kwa msika.
Malonda ena ovutavantage kugwirizana ndi kupanga malo yochepa ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kobwerera. Ngati zitanenedweratu molondola, kutsika kwa mitengo ya katundu kungapangitse phindu lalikulu. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti mphotho zomwe zingatheke nthawi zonse zimabwera ndi chiwopsezo chowonjezereka, komanso kutaya trades zingabweretse zotayika zambiri.
Zofunikira zotsika mtengo pangani malo afupiafupi opangidwa kukhala chisankho chowoneka bwino kwa ofuna kutchuka traders. Mosiyana ndi kugulitsa kwakanthawi kochepa, komwe kumafunikira ndalama zochulukirapo, malo afupiafupi opangidwa amakhala ndi zotchinga zotsika.
Kuphatikiza apo, masinthidwe amfupi opangidwa amapereka kusinthasintha kwa nthawi. Maudindo afupikitsa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nthawi, kutanthauza kuti munthu akhoza kukhazikitsa zosankha mu mgwirizano kuti azitha nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Izi zimapereka traders kuthekera kodikira kwa nthawi yayitali poyembekezera kutsika kwamitengo.
Pomaliza, zopanga zazifupi zazifupi zimalola traders kupindula masheya omwe ndi ovuta kubwereka. Kugulitsa kwakanthawi kochepa kumafunikira trader kubwereka masheya, zomwe nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta. Ndi zopanga zazifupi zazifupi, traders imatha kupanga zomwezo popanda kukhala ndi masheya. Izi zimatsegula magawo atsopano a mwayi wochita malonda omwe mwina sakanafikiridwa mwanjira ina. Ichi ndichifukwa chake masinthidwe afupiafupi opangidwa amasilira ambiri akale traders.
5.2. Zovuta za Maudindo Afupiafupi a Synthetic
Zopanga zazifupi malo perekani osunga ndalama kuti athe kupindula ndi kutsika kwa mtengo wamtengo wapatali popanda kugulitsa katunduyo mwachidule. Njira imeneyi, komabe, ilibe zovuta zake. Chodetsa nkhaŵa chachikulu ndi mlingo wobadwa nawo wa chiopsezo kukhala ndi udindo wotero. Mikhalidwe yamsika imatha kusinthasintha, ndipo kusuntha kwamitengo kungayambitse kutayika kwakukulu.
The mtengo wokhazikitsa kupangika kwakanthawi kochepa ndi vuto lina lomwe likukumana nalo traders. Nthawi zambiri, zimatengera njira yotsika mtengo yogulira zosankha ndikugulitsa njira zoimbira foni. Amalonda omwe alibe ndalama zambiri zamalonda atha kuona kuti mtengo wake ndi wotsika kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amangoletsa njira iyi kwa osunga ndalama omwe akhalapo kale.
Kuvuta kwa kumvetsetsa ndi kuyang'anira malo afupiafupi opangidwa Zingayambitsenso vuto lalikulu. Njira iyi ikufunika kumvetsetsa bwino zamalonda omwe angasankhe komanso kuyang'anitsitsa zomwe zikuchitika pamsika - zomwe zingalepheretse ophunzira ambiri. traders.
Vuto lomwe nthawi zambiri limanyalanyazidwa ndi chiopsezo chowongolera okhudzidwa ndi izi. Mabungwe owongolera atha kuwunikiranso malangizo kapena malamulo amisonkho okhudza magawo afupiafupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zosayembekezereka kapena zovuta zamalamulo traders.
Chiwopsezo chamadzimadzi ndi vuto linanso lofunika kuliganizira. Amalonda ayenera kudziwa nthawi zonse kuti, ngakhale angafunike kuchoka pamalopo, sizingakhale zotheka nthawi zonse chifukwa cha kusowa kwa omwe akuchita nawo msika omwe akufuna kutenga mbali ina ya msika. trade.
Pomaliza, traders ayenera kudziwa chiopsezo cha anzawo pogwiritsa ntchito masinthidwe amfupi. Chiwopsezochi chimatanthawuza kuthekera kwa gulu lomwe lili kumbali ina ya mgwirizano kuti likhale losakhazikika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ndalama ziwonongeke.
Zovuta izi zimatsimikizira kufunikira traders kuchita kafukufuku wamsika wamsika, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowongolera zoopsa, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti akumvetsetsa zovuta zomwe zimakhala zazifupi zopanga asanachite izi.
