1. Kumvetsetsa ma ETF
Kusinthana-Traded Ndalama (ETFs) akusintha dziko lazamalonda. Amapereka kuphatikizika kwapadera kwa kuwonekera kosiyanasiyana kwa ndalama zolumikizana komanso kusinthasintha kwa munthu payekha m'matangadza. Kwenikweni, ETF ndi dengu la zitetezo zomwe mungagule kapena kugulitsa kudzera mu a brokerzaka kampani pa stock exchange.
Ma ETF adapangidwa kuti azitsata momwe kalozera, gawo, chofunika, kapena gulu la zinthu. Atha kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yandalama, kuphatikiza masheya, ma bond, zinthu, kapena kusakanikirana kwamitundu yogulitsa. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala chida chosunthika chosinthira mbiri yanu.
osiyana ndi gawo lalikulu la ETFs. Popeza amakhala ndi zotetezedwa zambiri, amafalitsa ndalamazo chiopsezo pa katundu wambiri. Izi zingathandize kuteteza mbiri yanu ku kusasinthasintha za chitetezo payekha. Koma kumbukirani, ngakhale kusiyanasiyana kungathandize kufalitsa chiwopsezo, sikutsimikizira phindu kapena kuteteza kutayika.
Liquidity ndi malonda ena ofunikavantage za ETFs. Mosiyana ndi ndalama zothandizirana, zomwe zokha trade Pamapeto pa tsiku, ETFs akhoza kukhala traded tsiku lonse ngati masheya. Izi zimakulolani kuti muchitepo kanthu mwamsanga pakusintha kwa msika. Kuphatikiza apo, kuthekera koyika mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamaoda (monga malire ndi malamulo kupuma-kutaya orders) zimakupatsani ulamuliro wokulirapo pa nthawi ndi mtengo womwe mumagula kapena kugulitsa magawo anu a ETF.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mtengo ndi chokopa chachikulu kwa osunga ndalama ambiri. ETFs nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi ndalama zochepa kuposa ndalama zogwirizanitsa. Izi ndichifukwa choti ma ETF ambiri amangoyang'aniridwa mosasamala, cholinga chake ndi kufananiza magwiridwe antchito a index m'malo moyesa kugonjetsa msika. Komabe, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ndalama zamalonda zitha kuwonjezera ngati inu trade ETFs nthawi zambiri.
Kuwonekera ndi gawo lalikulu la ETFs. Amawulula zomwe ali nazo tsiku lililonse, kotero mumadziwa nthawi zonse zomwe muli nazo. Izi sizili choncho nthawi zonse ndi ndalama zogwirizanitsa, zomwe zimangowulula zomwe ali nazo kotala.
M'dziko lazamalonda ndi ndalama, chidziwitso ndi mphamvu. Pomvetsetsa ma ETF, mutha kukulitsa zopindulitsa zawo kuti mukweze njira yanu yogulitsira ndikuwonjezera phindu lanu.
1.1. Kodi ma ETF ndi chiyani?
M'chilengedwe chachikulu cha zosankha zamabizinesi, kuwombola Traded Ndalama (ETFs) kuwala kowala, kupereka mawonekedwe apadera omwe amawapangitsa kukhala okondedwa pakati pa savvy traders ndi Investments. Pachimake, ETF ndi mtundu wa thumba ndi kusinthanitsa-traded mankhwala, traded pamisika yamasheya mofanana ndi masheya. Amapangidwa kuti azitsata momwe kalozera, gawo, katundu, kapena gulu lazachuma likuyendera.
ETFs amafanana ndi dengu lodzazidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zotetezedwa monga masheya, ma bond, kapena katundu. Kusiyanasiyana kumeneku kumawapangitsa kukhala chida chabwino kwambiri chamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, m'malo mogula masheya pawokha ndikuyesera kulinganiza mbiri yanu nokha, mutha kugula ETF yomwe imatsata index yayikulu yamsika ngati S&P 500. Mwanjira iyi, mumapeza makampani ambiri, kufalitsa chiwopsezo komanso kuthekera. kuwonjezera mwayi wanu wobwerera.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zimasiyanitsa ma ETF ndi ndalama zogawana ndi awo malonda. Ma ETF amatha kugulidwa ndikugulitsidwa tsiku lonse lamalonda pamitengo yamsika, monga masheya amodzi. Izi zimapereka mwayi wochitapo kanthu mwachangu kumayendedwe amsika, zomwe zimakopa chidwi kwambiri traders.
Kuphatikiza apo, ma ETF amakondweretsedwa chifukwa cha iwo Kuwonetsera. Othandizira ETF akuyenera kuwulula zomwe thumba likuchita tsiku ndi tsiku, kulola osunga ndalama kudziwa zomwe ali nazo kudzera mu ETF yawo. Izi ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi mutual funds, pomwe ndalama zimawululidwa kotala.
Pomaliza, ma ETF nthawi zambiri amabwera ndi ndalama zochepa poyerekeza ndi ndalama zogwirizanitsa, kuzipanga kukhala zosankha zotsika mtengo kwa osunga ndalama nthawi yaitali. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti ndalama zamalonda zitha kuonjeza kwa iwo omwe trade kawirikawiri.
Kaya ndinu okonzeka trader kuyang'ana chida chosinthika chandalama, kapena woyambitsa bizinesi yemwe akufuna njira zosiyanasiyana komanso zotsika mtengo zolowera mumsika, ma ETF atha kukhala njira yolimbikitsira kuiganizira.
1.2. Mitundu ya ETFs
Kulowa m'dziko la Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) imatha kumva ngati kulowa m'gulu lazachuma komanso zovuta. Koma musaope, pakuti ife tiri pano kuti tikutsogolereni munjira, kuyambira ndi zosiyanasiyana mitundu ya ETFs mungakumane nawo paulendo wanu wamalonda.
Pachiyambi chake, ETF ndi mtundu wa thumba la ndalama ndi kusinthanitsa-traded mankhwala, traded pa malonda ogulitsa. Ma ETF amapangidwa kuti azitsata momwe ma index, magawo, katundu, kapena katundu wina amagwirira ntchito. Komabe, si ETFs zonse zomwe zimapangidwa mofanana.
Index ETFs Ndiwo mtundu wofala kwambiri, wopangidwa kuti azitsatira ndondomeko yeniyeni monga S & P 500. Amapereka njira yotsika mtengo kuti akwaniritse kuwonetseredwa kwa msika waukulu, kuwapanga kukhala okondedwa pakati pa osunga ndalama omwe alibe ndalama.
Sector ETFs imayang'ana kwambiri magawo azachuma monga ukadaulo, zaumoyo, kapena zachuma. Ma ETF awa amalola osunga ndalama kuti ayang'ane ndalama zawo kumadera azachuma omwe amakhulupirira kuti azichita bwino.
Zida za ETF gulitsani zinthu zakuthupi monga zitsulo zamtengo wapatali, mafuta, kapena zinthu zaulimi. Amapereka njira yopezera ndalama pazinthu izi popanda kufunikira kuzisunga mwakuthupi.
Mgwirizano ETFs perekani chiwonetsero ku msika wama bond. Amatha kuyang'ana pamitundu yeniyeni ya ma bond, monga makampani kapena boma, kapena nthawi yeniyeni, kuyambira nthawi yayitali mpaka nthawi yayitali.
International ETFs perekani misika yakunja, kukupatsani njira yosavuta yosinthira mbiri yanu mosiyanasiyana.
Thematic ETFs yang'anani pamitu kapena zochitika zina, monga mphamvu zoyera kapena malonda apakompyuta. Ma ETF awa amalola osunga ndalama kuyikapo ndalama pazokhulupirira zawo zamtsogolo zamsika kapena zachuma.
Leveraged ndi Inverse ETFs ndizovuta kwambiri ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odziwa zambiri traders. Ma ETFs omwe ali ndi mphamvu amafuna kupereka kangapo tsiku lililonse la index kapena gawo lomwe amatsata. Inverse ETFs ikufuna kupereka zosiyana ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito.
Ma ETF Oyendetsedwa Mwachangu Amayendetsedwa ndi gulu la akatswiri azachuma omwe amasankha zomwe akuyenera kukhala nazo, mosiyana ndi ma ETF ambiri omwe amangoyang'anira mlozera.
Kumbukirani, mtundu uliwonse wa ETF umabwera ndi zowopsa zake ndi mphotho zake. Kumvetsetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana iyi ndi sitepe yoyamba yopangira zisankho zodziwika bwino za ma ETF omwe ali oyenera panjira yanu yoyendetsera ndalama.
1.3. Ubwino wa ETFs
osiyana mosakayikira ndi imodzi mwamaubwino osangalatsa a ETFs. Amakulolani kuti mugwiritse ntchito chuma chambiri, kufalitsa chiwopsezo m'magawo osiyanasiyana, mafakitale, ngakhale mayiko. Awa ndi malonda ofunikavantage chifukwa traders ndi osunga ndalama omwe akuyang'ana kuti achepetse chiwopsezo ndikukulitsa kubweza komwe kungabwere.
Liquidity ndi malonda ena ofunikavantage. ETFs ndi traded pakusinthana ngati masheya amodzi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mutha kugula ndikugulitsa tsiku lonse lamalonda pamitengo yamsika. Kusinthasintha uku kungakhale kofunika kwambiri pamene muyenera kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga pakusintha kwa msika.
The kupezeka za ETFs ndizofunikanso kuzidziwa. Amapereka mwayi wopezeka kumisika yosiyanasiyana komanso makalasi azinthu zomwe zingakhale zovuta kuzifikira mwanjira ina. Kaya mumakonda magawo enaake, malonda, ma bond, kapena misika yapadziko lonse lapansi, pali ETF yomwe ikugwirizana ndi biluyo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mtengo ndi phindu lina lofunikira. ETFs nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi ndalama zochepa kuposa ndalama zomwe zimagwirizanitsa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndalama zochepa zomwe mumagulitsa zimadyedwa ndi malipiro. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa amayendetsedwa mosasamala, amakhala ndi ziwongola dzanja zotsika, zomwe zingapangitse kuti pakhale misonkho yochepa.
Pomaliza, ma ETF amapereka Kuwonetsera. Mosiyana ndi ndalama zothandizirana, zomwe zimangowulula zomwe ali nazo pakota, ma ETF amawulula zomwe ali nazo tsiku lililonse. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muwone ndendende zomwe muli nazo, ndikupereka chithunzi chowonekera bwino cha ndalama zanu.
Mwachidule, ma ETF amapereka kuphatikiza kwapadera kwa phindu lomwe lingawapangitse kukhala owonjezera pazachuma chilichonse. Kaya ndinu novice trader kapena Investor wokhazikika, malondavantageMa ETFs ndi oyenera kuganizira.
2. Kuyamba ndi ETFs
kuwombola Traded Ndalama (ETFs) asokoneza misika yazachuma, ndikupereka kuphatikiza kwapadera kwa phindu losiyanasiyana la ndalama zomwe zimagwirizana komanso kusinthasintha kwa masheya. Koma kwa osadziwa, kuyang'ana mawonekedwe a ETF kungakhale kovuta. Tiyeni tigawe mu zidutswa zokhoza kutheka.
Kumvetsetsa Zoyambira za ETF ndi sitepe yoyamba. ETFs ndi ndalama zogulitsa traded pamisika yamasheya, monga masheya amunthu payekha. Amayang'ana kutsata momwe kalozera, gawo, katundu, kapena gulu lazachuma likugwirira ntchito. Mosiyana ndi ndalama zogwirira ntchito, ma ETF amagulidwa ndikugulitsidwa tsiku lonse la malonda pamtengo wamsika, kupatsa osunga ndalama mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito njira zoyendetsera ndalama monga kugulitsa pang'ono kapena kugula. mmphepete.
Kusankha ETF Yoyenera zimafuna kuganiziridwa bwino. Ndi masauzande a ma ETF omwe alipo, iliyonse ikutsata magawo ndi magawo osiyanasiyana, ndikofunikira kusankha zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zomwe mukufuna kuchita ndikulolera zoopsa. Yang'anani ma ETF okhala ndi mbiri yolimba, ndalama zotsika mtengo, ndi katundu wofunikira pansi pa kayendetsedwe ka bata.
osiyana ndi malonda ofunikavantage za ETFs. ETF imodzi ikhoza kukhala ndi mazana, ngakhale masauzande, a masheya kapena ma bond, kukulolani kufalitsa chiwopsezo pamabizinesi osiyanasiyana. Izi zingathandize kuchepetsa zotsatira za kusayenda bwino kwa ndalama zilizonse.
Kugulitsa ma ETF zikufanana ndi kugulitsa katundu payekha. Mukhoza kugula kapena kugulitsa ETFs nthawi iliyonse pa tsiku la malonda, mosiyana ndi ndalama zomwe zimagwirizanitsa, zomwe zimangokhala trade kumapeto kwa tsiku. Kusinthasintha uku kumatha kukhala malonda ofunikiravantage kwa yogwira traders.
Kulingalira Mtengo Ndi zofunika kwambiri poika ndalama mu ETFs. Ngakhale kuti ETFs nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi ndalama zochepa kusiyana ndi ndalama zogwirizanitsa, sizili zaulere. Dziwani za kufalikira kwa ma bid-ask, ma komisheni ochita malonda, ndi zovuta zilizonse zamisonkho.
Zowopsa za ETF siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa. Ngakhale kuti ma ETF amapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana, sakhala ndi chiopsezo cha msika. Mtengo wa ETF ukhoza kutsika komanso kukwera, ndipo nthawi zonse pamakhala chiwopsezo chakuti ETF sichingafanane bwino ndi momwe imagwirira ntchito.
Kulowa m'dziko la ETFs kungakhale ulendo wosangalatsa, wopatsa mwayi wopeza phindu lalikulu. Koma monga momwe zimakhalira ndi ndalama zilizonse, kumvetsetsa zoyambira, kusankha mwanzeru, komanso kuzindikira kuopsa kwake ndikofunikira kuti zinthu ziyende bwino.
2.1. Momwe Mungasungire Ndalama mu ETFs
Kusinthana-Traded Ndalama (ETFs) zakhala zikudziwika ngati chida chofunikira kwa omwe angoyamba kumene komanso osunga ndalama. Amapereka kuphatikizika kwapadera kwa kuwonekera kosiyanasiyana kwa ndalama zomwe zimagwirizana komanso kusinthasintha kwa masheya, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala njira yabwino yopezera ndalama. tradeakufuna kukulitsa ma portfolio awo.
Khwerero XNUMX poika ndalama mu ETFs ndikumvetsetsa zomwe zili. ETF ndi mtundu wa chitetezo chomwe chimaphatikizapo kusonkhanitsa zotetezedwa-monga masheya-zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi cholinga chotsata ndondomeko inayake. Ngakhale ali ofanana ndi ndalama zogwirizanitsa, amalembedwa pazosinthana ndi magawo a ETF trade tsiku lonse ngati katundu wamba.
Khwerero XNUMX ikusankha ETF yoyenera pazolinga zanu zogulitsa. Pali masauzande a ETF omwe alipo, iliyonse ikupereka magawo osiyanasiyana, ndalama njira, ndi milingo yowopsa. Ndikofunikira kuti kafukufuku chilichonse cha ETF, mbiri ya magwiridwe antchito, ndi chiwongolero cha ndalama musanapange chisankho.
Khwerero XNUMX ndikusankha ndalama zogulira. Izi zidzadalira kwambiri zolinga zanu zachuma, kulolerana ndi zoopsa, ndi nthawi yogulitsa ndalama. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi magulu osiyanasiyana azinthu, ndipo ma ETF amatha kukhala njira yabwino yochitira izi.
Gawo anayi kwenikweni akugula ETF. Izi zitha kuchitika kudzera pa intaneti broker kapena mlangizi wa robo. Ndizosavuta monga kupanga akaunti, kuyika ndalama, ndikuyika oda ya ETF yomwe mwasankha.
Kuyika ndalama mu ETFs kungakhale kusuntha kwanzeru traders ndi oyika ndalama mofanana. Ndi kusinthasintha kwawo, kusiyanasiyana, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta, atha kukhala chida champhamvu pagulu lanu lankhondo. Komabe, monga ndalama zonse, zimakhala ndi chiopsezo, choncho ndizofunikira amayang'anitsitsa zosankha zanu mosamala ndipo ganizirani kufunafuna malangizo kwa mlangizi wazachuma.
2.2. Zomwe Muyenera Kuziganizira Posankha ETFs
osiyana ndiye mwala wapangodya wa njira yolimba yopangira ndalama, ndipo ma ETF amapereka njira yowongoka kuti akwaniritse. Komabe, si ETFs zonse zomwe zimapangidwa mofanana. Posankha ETF, ganizirani zake kugawa katundu. Ma ETF ena amayang'ana magawo ena, monga ukadaulo kapena chisamaliro chaumoyo, pomwe ena amapereka chiwonetsero chambiri pamsika.
Liquidity ndi chinthu china chofunika kwambiri. Ma ETF okhala ndi ma voliyumu apamwamba amagulitsa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kufalikira kocheperako, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotsika mtengo trade. Yang'anani kuchuluka kwa malonda tsiku lililonse musanapange chisankho.
Musanyalanyaze chiŵerengero cha ndalama. Ichi ndi chindapusa chapachaka chomwe ndalama zonse kapena ma ETF amalipira omwe akugawana nawo. Zimayimira kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe mwagulitsa ndipo zingakhudze phindu lanu pakapita nthawi. Yang'anani ma ETF omwe ali ndi ndalama zochepa, koma musapereke khalidwe lamtengo wapatali.
Mbiri yochita ikhoza kupereka chidziwitso chofunikira pa kuthekera kwa ETF. Ngakhale kuti ntchito yapitayi sikutsimikizira zotsatira zamtsogolo, ikhoza kukupatsani chidziwitso cha kusakhazikika kwa thumba ndi momwe zimachitira ndi msika.
Pomaliza, ganizirani za kutsatira index. Ma ETF amapangidwa kuti azitsatira momwe index ikugwirira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, yang'anani momwe ETF idatsata ndondomeko yake m'mbuyomu.
Zinthu izi sizokwanira, ndipo kufunikira kwa aliyense kumatha kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi zolinga zanu zachuma komanso kulolerana kwa ngozi. Nthawi zonse chitani mosamala musanagwiritse ntchito ETF iliyonse.
2.3. Kuwongolera ETF Portfolio Yanu
Kudziwa luso loyang'anira mbiri yanu ya ETF ndi ulendo umene umafunika kusakaniza kwa chidziwitso, njira, ndi finesse. Sizongogula ndi kugulitsa; ndi za kumvetsetsa msika, kudziwa nthawi yogwira, ndi nthawi yopinda.
Kuyamba, zosiyana ndi key. Ma ETF amakulolani kusiyanitsa mbiri yanu m'magulu osiyanasiyana azinthu, magawo, ndi madera popanda kufunikira kogula zotetezedwa. Izi zingathandize kuchepetsa chiwopsezo komanso kupititsa patsogolo phindu. Koma kumbukirani, kusiyanasiyana sikutsimikizira phindu kapena kukutetezani kuti musataye.
Kubwezeretsa Ndi gawo lina lofunikira pakuwongolera mbiri ya ETF. M'kupita kwa nthawi, kusuntha kwa msika kungapangitse kuti katundu wa mbiri yanu achoke pa cholinga chake choyambirira. Kuwunika pafupipafupi ndikusintha mbiri yanu kuti musunge zinthu zomwe mukuzifuna kungathandize kuti njira yanu yoyendetsera ndalama ikhale yoyenera.
Kuganizira za mtengo iyeneranso kukhala pa radar yanu. Ngakhale kuti ETFs nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi ndalama zochepa kusiyana ndi ndalama zogwirizanitsa, sizili zaulere. Dziwani za mtengo wamalonda, kufalikira kwa mabizinesi, ndi misonkho yomwe ingakhalepo pakuchita malonda anu.
Strategic kugwiritsa ntchito ETFs imatha kukulitsa magwiridwe antchito a mbiri yanu. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ma ETFs kuti mukhale ndi luso pamakampani ena, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ma ETFs kuti muchepetse kutsika kwa msika. Komabe, njirazi zimafuna kumvetsetsa mozama za kapangidwe ka ETF ndi kayendetsedwe ka msika, choncho yendani mosamala.
Pomaliza, khalani odziwa. Mawonekedwe a ETF akusintha nthawi zonse, ndi zinthu zatsopano, njira, ndi zosintha zamalamulo. Kudziwa zomwe zikuchitika m'makampani amakono komanso momwe msika ukuyendera kungakuthandizeni kupanga zisankho mwanzeru ndikuwongolera kasamalidwe ka ETF yanu.
Kumbukirani, palibe njira yofananira ndi kasamalidwe ka mbiri ya ETF. Zomwe zimagwira ntchito kwa wogulitsa wina sizingagwire ntchito kwa wina. Ndizokhudza kupeza njira yoyenera yomwe ikugwirizana ndi zolinga zanu zachuma, kulolerana ndi zoopsa, ndi nthawi yofikira. Chifukwa chake, pindani manja anu, chitani homuweki, ndikuyamba kuyang'anira mbiri yanu ya ETF ngati katswiri.
3. Common ETF Trading Strategies
Kulowa m'dziko la malonda a ETF, pali njira zingapo zomwe zatsimikizira kuti ndizothandiza. Choyamba ndi Gulani ndi Kugwira. Njira iyi, yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi osunga ndalama kwa nthawi yayitali, imaphatikizapo kugula ETF yokhala ndi mbiri yabwino ndikuisunga kwa nthawi yayitali. Njirayi imachokera pa chikhulupiliro chakuti ngakhale kusinthasintha kwa msika kwakanthawi kochepa, mtengo wa ETFs wabwino udzawonjezeka pakapita nthawi.
Njira yachiwiri ndi Kasinthasintha Wagawo. Njirayi imafuna kukhudzidwa pang'ono ndi chidziwitso cha msika. TradeOgwiritsa ntchito njirayi asintha ndalama zawo m'magawo osiyanasiyana, kutengera zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa kuti zizichita bwino m'magawo osiyanasiyana azachuma. Mwachitsanzo, panthawi yomwe chuma chikuyenda bwino, magawo monga ukadaulo ndi kuzindikira kwa ogula amatha kuchita bwino kuposa ena.
Pomaliza, ndi Swing Trading strategy ndi otchuka pakati yochepa traders. Izi zimaphatikizapo kugula ndi kugulitsa ma ETF kwamasiku kapena masabata, kutengera kusinthasintha kwamitengo pamsika. TradeOgwiritsa ntchito njirayi adzafunika kuyang'anitsitsa momwe msika ukuyendera komanso nkhani zomwe zingakhudze mitengo ya ETF.
Kugulitsa Pawiri ndi njira ina yofunika kuiganizira. Izi zimaphatikizapo kugula ETF imodzi ndikugulitsa ina mwachidule m'gawo lomwelo. Lingaliro apa ndikuti ngati msika ukuyenda munjira yomwe idanenedweratu, ndi trader adzapindula ndi ETF yomwe adagula, ndipo ngati msika ukupita kwina, apindula ndi ETF yomwe adagulitsa posachedwa.
Kumbukirani, ngakhale njirazi zingakhale zopindulitsa, zimabweranso ndi zoopsa zawo. Ndikofunikira kufufuza mozama ndikumvetsetsa njira iliyonse musanalowemo.
3.1. Gulani ndi Kugwira
Gulani ndi Kugwira ndi nthawi-ulemu ndalama njira kuti n'zosavuta monga zikumveka. M'malo moyesa kugulitsa msika, mumagula magawo a ETF ndikusunga kwa nthawi yayitali. M’dziko lazamalonda, n’chimodzimodzi kubzala mbewu ndikudikirira moleza mtima kuti ikule n’kukhala mtengo waukulu kwambiri.
Njirayi imachokera ku chikhulupiliro chakuti, ngakhale kusinthasintha kwakanthawi kochepa, msika wakhala ukuyenda bwino kwa nthawi yaitali. Chifukwa chake, mukakhala ndi ndalama zambiri, mutha kuthana ndi zovuta kwakanthawi ndikusangalala ndi zipatso zakukula kwanthawi yayitali.
ETFs ndizoyenera kwambiri panjira ya Buy and Hold. Ndi kusiyanasiyana kwawo komweko, amafalitsa chiwopsezo padengu lachitetezo, potero amachepetsa kufooka kwa chitetezo chilichonse. Kuphatikiza apo, ma ETF's otsika mtengo amawapangitsa kukhala okwera mtengo pantchito yayitali.
Komabe, Buy and Hold si njira yoyika-ndi-kuyiwala. Zimafunika nthawi zonse mbiri ndemanga kuwonetsetsa kuti zikugwirizana ndi zolinga zanu zachuma zomwe zikuchitika komanso kulolerana ndi zoopsa. Imafunikanso kusamala kuti musamagulitse mwamantha panthawi yomwe msika ukugwa.
Kumbukirani, kuyika ndalama sikufuna kulemera msanga koma kukulitsa chuma mokhazikika pakapita nthawi. Ndipo ndi kuleza mtima ndi mwambo, njira ya Buy and Hold, makamaka ikagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma ETF, ikhoza kukhala chida champhamvu pankhokwe yanu yosungiramo ndalama.
3.2. Kasinthasintha Wagawo
Pamene mukuzama mu dziko la Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs), mudzakumana ndi njira yochititsa chidwi yotchedwa Kasinthasintha Wagawo. Njira imeneyi imachokera ku lingaliro lakuti magawo osiyanasiyana azachuma amachita bwino pamagawo osiyanasiyana azachuma. Mwachitsanzo, panthawi yakukula kwachuma, magawo monga ukadaulo ndi kusankha kwa ogula amakonda kuchita bwino. Kumbali inayi, pakugwa kwachuma, mutha kuwona magwiridwe antchito abwinoko kuchokera kumagulu monga othandizira ndi ogula, omwe amawonedwa ngati oteteza kwambiri.
Kuzungulira kwa gawo ikhoza kukhala chida champhamvu cha traders ndi osunga ndalama, kuwalola kuti apindule ndi zochitika zozungulira izi. Posintha ndalama zawo za ETF m'magawo osiyanasiyana, amatha kupititsa patsogolo phindu ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo. Mwachitsanzo, wogulitsa ndalama angasinthe kuchoka ku ETFs zamakono kupita ku ETFs zachipatala ngati akukhulupirira kuti chuma chikuyenda kuchoka pakukula mpaka kutsika.
Komabe, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti kasinthasintha wagawo si njira yopanda nzeru. Pamafunika kumvetsa mozama za chuma ndi luso lolosera molondola zochitika zachuma. Iyi si ntchito yophweka, ngakhale kwa akatswiri odziwa ntchito. Komanso, zimakhudza mlingo wina wa chiopsezo, monga zoneneratu za chuma zingakhale zolakwika, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka.
Ngakhale zovuta izi, kasinthasintha wagawo ikhoza kukhala chowonjezera chofunikira pamalonda anu a ETF ndikuyika zida. Pomvetsetsa za kayendetsedwe kazachuma komanso momwe magawo osiyanasiyana amachitira, mutha kupanga zisankho mwanzeru ndikuwonjezera phindu lanu. Kotero, pamene mukupitiriza ulendo wanu ku dziko la ETFs, musanyalanyaze mphamvu ya kusintha kwa magawo. Itha kukhala njira yomwe mungafunikire kuti mutengere malonda anu ndikuyika ndalama pamlingo wina.
3.3. Kugulitsa Mwachidule
Kugulitsa kwakanthawi ndi gawo lochititsa chidwi la malonda a ETF omwe amalola osunga ndalama kuti apindule ndi kutsika kwa mtengo wachitetezo. Njira iyi, ngakhale ikuwoneka ngati yotsutsana, ndi chida champhamvu muzojambula trader ndi arsenal. Kuti muyambe kugulitsa pang'ono, mumabwereka magawo a ETF kuchokera ku zanu broker ndipo nthawi yomweyo agulitse kumsika wotseguka. Cholinga ndikugulanso pambuyo pake pamtengo wotsikirapo, bweretsani magawo omwe mwabwereka kwa anu broker, ndi thumba kusiyana.
Komabe, kugulitsa kochepa sikuli kwa ofooka mtima. Ndi njira yowopsa kwambiri yomwe ingabweretse kutayika kwakukulu ngati mtengo wa ETF ukukwera m'malo motsika. Mosiyana ndi ndalama zachikhalidwe komwe kutayika kwanu kumayikidwa pamtengo womwe mudayikapo, kugulitsa mwachidule, zotayika zanu zitha kukhala zopanda malire. Mtengo ukakwera, ndiye kuti mumataya ndalama zambiri.
Ngakhale kuli koopsa, kugulitsa kochepa kumapereka mwayi wapadera wopeza phindu m'misika ya zimbalangondo kapena pamene mukuyembekeza kutsika kwa gawo linalake kapena msika wonse. Zimaperekanso njira zotetezera ndalama zina. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi nthawi yayitali mu ETF yaukadaulo, mutha kugulitsa ukadaulo wa ETF ngati mpanda wolimbana ndi kuchepa kwa gawo.
Ma ETF amfupi ogulitsa imabweranso ndi zotsatsa zinavantages pa kugulitsa kwakanthawi kochepa masheya. Ma ETF, pokhala osiyanasiyana, sakhala ndi mwayi wowonjezereka, wokwera mtengo wamtengo wapatali (wotchedwa "kufinyidwa kwachidule") zoyambitsidwa ndi uthenga wabwino wosayembekezereka wochokera ku kampani imodzi.
Komabe, kumbukirani kuti kugulitsa kwakanthawi kochepa kuyenera kuchitidwa mosamala komanso kumvetsetsa bwino kuopsa kwake. Si njira kwa osunga ndalama novice kapena amene ali otsika chiopsezo kulolerana. Koma kwa iwo omwe ali okonzeka kuvomereza zoopsa, kugulitsa kochepa kungakhale njira yopindulitsa pazochitika zoyenera.
3.4. Ma ETF Omwe Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito
M'dziko la ETFs, Ndalama za ETF imayima ngati chida chapadera komanso chotheka champhamvu traders ndi Investments. ETFs izi zimagwira ntchito pa mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito zotuluka pazachuma ndi ngongole kuti akweze kubweza kwa indexing index. Komabe, kuthekera kwa kubweza kwakukulu kumabwera ndi chiopsezo chachikulu.
Mwachitsanzo, ETF yokhazikika yomwe imalonjeza kuti 2x idzabweranso pa index idzakhala ndi cholinga chobweretsa kubweza kawiri kwa indexyo patsiku lomwe laperekedwa. Ngati index ikwera ndi 1%, ETF yokhazikika iyenera kukwera ndi 2%. Komabe, ngati index itsika ndi 1%, ETF yokhazikika idzagwa ndi 2%. Kusasunthika kumeneku kungapangitse kutayika kwakukulu ngati msika ukuyenda motsutsana ndi malo anu.
Ndikofunikiranso kudziwa kuti ma ETF omwe amalimbikitsidwa adapangidwa kuti akwaniritse zolinga zawo pa a tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuchita kwawo kwa nthawi yayitali kumatha kusiyana kwambiri ndi momwe amachitira index yawo yayikulu. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kubweza kwatsiku ndi tsiku, komwe kungayambitse chodabwitsa chotchedwa 'volatility decay'.
Chifukwa chake, ngakhale ma ETF ogwiritsidwa ntchito amatha kukhala chida champhamvu kwa odziwa zambiri traders kuyang'ana kuti apindule ndi kayendedwe ka msika kwakanthawi kochepa, mwina sangakhale oyenera kwa osunga ndalama nthawi yayitali. Chiwopsezo chachikulu komanso kuthekera kwa kutayika kofulumira kumatanthauza kuti amafunikira kumvetsetsa kwakukulu kwa msika komanso njira yabwino yoyendetsera ngozi.
Ngakhale kukopa kwa phindu lalikulu kungakhale kokopa, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa bwino zamakanika ndi kuopsa kwa ma ETF okhudzidwa musanawaphatikize mumalonda anu kapena njira zogulitsira. Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi zosankha zonse zamalonda, ndikwanzeru kudzipangira nokha kafukufuku ndikuganizira kufunafuna upangiri kwa katswiri wazachuma.
