1. Kumvetsetsa Zizindikiro za Voliyumu
Zizindikiro za voliyumu ndi zida zofunika kwambiri pamasewera opambana trader kapena Investor. Amapereka zenera la momwe msika umagwirira ntchito, ndikupereka zidziwitso zomwe sizikuwoneka mwachangu kuchokera pamtengo wokha. Kumvetsetsa mozama kwa zizindikiro za voliyumu kumatha kuwulula mphamvu zobisika kapena zofooka pamsika, komanso ngakhale kuwonetsa kusuntha kwamitengo komwe kukubwera zisanachitike.
Chizindikiro chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi voliyumu 'Volume Bar'. Iyi ndi histogram yosavuta yomwe imawonetsa kuchuluka kwa magawo traded pa nthawi iliyonse. Poyerekeza ma voliyumu pakapita nthawi, mutha kudziwa zambiri zamsika patsogolo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati voliyumu ikukwera pamasiku okwera ndikuchepera masiku otsika, zitha kutanthauza kuti ogula ndiwo akuwongolera.
Chizindikiro china chodziwika bwino cha voliyumu ndi 'On-Balance Volume (OBV)'. Malinga ndi Investopedia, OBV ndi kuchuluka kwa voliyumu, kuwonjezeredwa kapena kuchotsedwa kutengera ngati mtengo watsikuwo watsekedwa kapena kutsika. Idapangidwa ndi Joe Granville mu 1963, ndipo cholinga chake ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa voliyumu kulosera zakusintha kwamitengo.
Chizindikiro chachitatu chodziwika bwino ndi 'Chaikin Money Flow (CMF)'. Wotchedwa Marc Chaikin, CMF, CMF idapangidwa kuti iziyezera kukakamiza kwa kugula ndi kugulitsa pakapita nthawi. CMF imasinthasintha pakati pa -1 ndi +1. Makhalidwe abwino amawonetsa kukakamizidwa kwa kugula, pomwe zotsika zimawonetsa kukakamiza kwa kugulitsa.
'Klinger Volume Oscillator (KVO)' ndi chizindikiro chinanso champhamvu cha voliyumu. Idapangidwa ndi Stephen Klinger ndipo ikufuna kulosera zanthawi yayitali yakuyenda kwandalama kwinaku akukhudzidwa ndi kusinthasintha kwakanthawi kochepa.
Chilichonse mwa zizindikiro za voliyumuyi chili ndi mphamvu zake komanso zowoneka bwino, koma zomwe onse amagawana ndikutha kupereka mawonekedwe apadera pamayendedwe amsika. Pophatikiza zizindikiro za voliyumu ndi zina kusanthula luso zida, traders ndi osunga ndalama amatha kupanga zisankho zodziwika bwino, ndikuwonjezera mwayi wawo wochita bwino pamsika. Kumbukirani, voliyumu nthawi zambiri imakhala chizindikiro choyamba kuwonetsa kusintha komwe kungachitike, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale chida chamtengo wapatali muzogulitsa zanu.
1.1. Lingaliro la Zizindikiro za Voliyumu
Pamene delving mu dziko zachuma, kumvetsa mfundo ya Zizindikiro Zamabuku ndizofunikira. Awa ndi masamu masamu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza zaukadaulo zachitetezo. Iwo amapereka traders ndi osunga ndalama ndikuwunika kuchuluka kwa ntchito zamalonda, zomwe zitha kupereka chidziwitso pakukula kwa msika, thanzi labwino, ndi mayendedwe amitengo.
Mfundo yaikulu ndi yakuti kusintha kwakukulu kwa voliyumu nthawi zambiri kumatsogolera kusintha kwakukulu kwamitengo. Zizindikiro za voliyumu zimatha kukhala ndi gawo lofunikira pakutsimikizira zomwe zikuchitika komanso kusintha kwamayendedwe. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mtengo wa katundu ukukwera ndipo kuchuluka kwachulukiranso, traders zitha kutanthauza kuti kukwera kwake kuli kolimba ndipo kukuyembekezeka kupitiliza. Mosiyana ndi zimenezo, ngati mtengo ukuwonjezeka koma voliyumu ikuchepa, zikhoza kuwonetsa kusintha komwe kungachitike.
Zizindikiro zama voliyumu Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi kusanthula mtengo kuti atsimikizire mphamvu kapena kufooka kwa chikhalidwe. Zitha kukhala zothandiza makamaka pakuzindikira zophulika. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa Bulkowski, kuphulika nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa phindu trades pamene pali kuwonjezeka kwa voliyumu.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya zizindikiro voliyumu, kuphatikizapo Pa Balance Volume (OBV), Volume Mpesa wa Kusintha (VROC), ndi Acumulation/Distribution Line. Mtundu uliwonse uli ndi njira yake yowerengera komanso kutanthauzira kwake, koma onse amafuna kuwonetsa kutulutsa kwa voliyumu mwanjira ina.
Kumvetsetsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino zizindikiro za voliyumu kumatha kukulitsa njira yanu yogulitsira, ndikumvetsetsa mozama zamayendedwe amsika. Zili ngati kukhala ndi radar system yomwe ikuwulula zomwe zili pansi pamitengo. Chifukwa chake, zizindikiro za voliyumu ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri pankhondo yopambana traders ndi Investments.
1.2. Momwe Zizindikiro za Voliyumu Zimagwirira ntchito
Zizindikiro za voliyumu ndi chida chofunikira m'manja mwa munthu wanzeru trader kapena Investor, ndikupereka zenera lapadera pakukula kwa malonda. Zida zowunikirazi zimatengera kuchuluka kwa malonda, ndipo zimathandizira kudziwa mphamvu yamayendedwe amitengo. Zizindikiro zama voliyumu gwirani ntchito powunika kuchuluka kwa magawo kapena makontrakiti omwe amasintha manja pa nthawi inayake.
The Volume pa Balance (OBV), mwachitsanzo, amawonjezera voliyumu pamasiku 'okwera' ndikuchotsa voliyumu pamasiku 'otsika'. Cholinga chake ndi kuwonetsa pamene chuma chandalama chikusonkhanitsidwa kapena kugawidwa, kukhala ngati kalambulabwalo wa kusintha kwamitengo komwe kukubwera. Chizindikiro china chodziwika bwino cha voliyumu ndi Mtengo Wapakati Wolemedwa ndi Volume (VWAP), zomwe zimapereka mtengo wapakati womwe chitetezo chimakhala nacho traded pa tsiku lonse, kutengera voliyumu ndi mtengo wake. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ndi akatswiri aukadaulo kuti adziwe momwe msika ukuyendera.
Voliyumu yapamwamba, makamaka pafupi ndi miyeso yofunika kwambiri ya msika, ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha kuyamba kwa chikhalidwe chatsopano, pamene mawu otsika angasonyeze kusatsimikizika kapena kusowa chidwi. Zikaphatikizidwa ndi kusanthula mtengo, zizindikiro za kuchuluka zingathandize traders amapanga zisankho zodziwa zambiri. Amatha kuwulula zomwe zikuchitika kuseri kwazithunzi ndikupereka zidziwitso zamtengo wapatali zamtsogolo zamtsogolo zamitengo.
Kumbukirani, komabe, kuti zizindikiro za voliyumu ndi gawo limodzi chabe la chithunzithunzi. Ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zida zina ndi zizindikiro zowunikira kwambiri msika. (Investopedia, 2020)
pamene zizindikiro za kuchuluka akhoza kupereka zidziwitso zamtengo wapatali, sizosalephera. Mofanana ndi zizindikiro zonse zaumisiri, ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi zomveka ndondomeko ya malonda kuphimba madera monga chiopsezo kulolerana ndi zolinga zachuma. Kugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro za voliyumu ngati gawo la njira yogulitsira yokhazikika kungapereke chidziwitso chozama cha kayendetsedwe ka msika ndikukulitsa magwiridwe antchito anu.
2. Mitundu ya Zizindikiro za Voliyumu
Kumvetsetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zizindikiro za kuchuluka akhoza kukweza kwambiri anu njira malonda ndi njira zopangira zisankho. Mitundu iwiri yoyambirira ndi Volume pa Balance (OBV) ndi Kutuluka kwa Ndalama za Chaikin (CMF).
Volume pa Balance (OBV), yopangidwa ndi Joe Granville, ndi chizindikiro chosavuta koma champhamvu. Zimapereka kuchuluka kwa voliyumu powonjezera voliyumu yatsiku ku chiwopsezo chilichonse pamene mtengo wachitetezo watseka, ndikuchotsa ngati mtengo wachitetezo watseka. Izi zimathandiza traders kudziwa chidwi cha anthu pa chitetezo china. Malinga ndi Investopedia, pamene OBV ikukwera poyerekeza ndi mtengo wa chitetezo, imasonyeza kupanikizika kwa voliyumu yabwino yomwe ingayambitse mitengo yapamwamba.
Mbali inayi, Chaikin Money Flow (CMF), yopangidwa ndi Marc Chaikin, ndi avareji yolemedwa ndi voliyumu ya kudzikundikira ndi kugawa pa nthawi yodziwika. Cholinga chachikulu cha chizindikiro cha CMF ndikuwunika mphamvu ya zomwe zikuchitika kapena kuyembekezera kusinthika poyang'ana kuthamanga kwa voliyumu. Kuwerenga kwabwino kwa CMF kukuwonetsa kukakamiza kogula pomwe CMF yoyipa ikuwonetsa kugulitsa. Monga kukhulupirika zikusonyeza, chizindikiro cha bullish chimaperekedwa pamene CMF ili yabwino ndipo kusinthasintha kwa mtengo kukukwera mmwamba, pamene chizindikiro cha bearish chimaperekedwa pamene CMF ili yolakwika ndipo mtengo wosinthasintha ukutsika pansi.
Pophatikiza zizindikiro ziwiri izi, traders amatha kuwona bwino momwe msika ukuyendera komanso momwe zinthu zikuyendera, potero kukulitsa luso lawo lopanga zisankho zodziwika bwino zamalonda.
2.1. Pa Balance Volume (OBV)
Pa Balance Volume (OBV) ndi chida champhamvu m'manja mwa Investor savvy. Zopangidwa ndi a Joe Granville koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1960, chizindikiro chapaderachi chochokera ku voliyumu chimatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zimalowa ndikutuluka muchitetezo china, potero zikuwonetsa kukhudzika kwachitetezo. traders. OBV imagwira ntchito pa mfundo yosavuta: imawonjezera kuchuluka kwa nthawi ku OBV ngati mtengo wotseka unali wapamwamba kusiyana ndi kutseka koyambirira, ndikuchotsa voliyumu ngati kutseka kunali kochepa.
Chida champhamvu ichi chingapereke zidziwitso zamtengo wapatali pamayendedwe amsika. Kuwonjezeka kwa OBV kukuwonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwachulukira pakukwera kwamitengo, zomwe zitha kuwonetsa kulamulira kwa ogula. Mosiyana ndi izi, kuchepa kwa OBV kukuwonetsa kuti kuchuluka kukuchulukirachulukira pakutsika kwamitengo, zomwe zikuwonetsa kutsogola kwa ogulitsa. Izi zingathandize traders amayembekezera kusintha komwe kungachitike pamsika ndikuzindikira mwayi wopindulitsa wochita malonda.
Izi zati, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti O.B.V. si chida choyimira. Pazotsatira zabwino, ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zida zina zowunikira luso ndi zizindikiro. Komanso, ngakhale ndi chida chothandiza, monga zizindikiro zonse, sizopusa ndipo ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala.
Imodzi mwamphamvu zazikulu za OBV yagona pakutha kwake kupanga ma siginecha osiyanasiyana. Pamene OBV imapanga nsonga zokwerera ndi mbiya pamene mtengo ukupanga nsonga zotsika ndi mbiya, izi zimadziwika ngati kusiyana kwabwino. Ikhoza kuwonetsa kuthekera kwa kusintha kwa bullish. Kumbali inayi, kusiyana koyipa-pamene OBV imapanga nsonga zotsikira ndi mbiya pomwe mtengo ukupanga nsonga zokwera ndi mbiya - zitha kuwonetsa kusintha komwe kungathe kuchitika.
Ngakhale ikuwoneka kuphweka, OBV ndi chida chosunthika komanso champhamvu chomwe chingakweze kwambiri zida zanu zowunikira luso. Kutha kwake kuwulula zomwe zikuchitika pamsika wobisika ndikuwonetsa kusinthika kwamitengo komwe kungathe kukhala kofunikira m'dziko lazamalonda lomwe likuyenda mwachangu. Komabe, nthawi zonse kumbukirani kugwiritsa ntchito ngati njira yotakata, osati kudzipatula, kuti mupeze zotsatira zolondola komanso zogwira mtima.
2.2. Volume Weighted Average Price (VWAP)
The Volume Weighted Average Price (VWAP) ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri traders ndi osunga ndalama, akupereka chithunzi chokwanira cha malonda a tsikulo. Chizindikiro cha voliyumuchi chimakupatsani mtengo wapakati wachitetezo pakanthawi kochepa, kutengera mtengo ndi voliyumu. Zimawerengedwa pochulukitsa kuchuluka kwa malonda pamtengo uliwonse ndi mtengo womwewo, kenaka ndikugawa ndalamazo ndi voliyumu yonse. Chotsatira chake ndi chiwerengero cha dola imodzi yomwe imayimira mtengo wapakati womwe tradeanaphedwa panthawiyo.
Chizindikiro cha voliyumuchi ndichothandiza makamaka kwa iwo omwe akuchita malonda a algorithmic kapena kuchita maoda akulu. The VWAP akhoza kukhala ngati benchmark, kuthandiza traders kuti awone momwe msika ukuyendera munthawi yake. Ngati mtengo wamakono uli pamwamba pa VWAP, umasonyeza kuti chitetezo chikugulitsidwa pamtengo wapamwamba kusiyana ndi pafupifupi, komanso mosiyana. Izi zitha kukhala zamtengo wapatali posankha zolowera ndi zotuluka trades.
Komabe, ndi kofunikira kudziwa kuti VWAP ndi chizindikiro chocheperako, kutanthauza kuti imawerengera maavareji potengera zomwe zidachitika kale ndipo mwina sanganene molondola za mayendedwe amtsogolo. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino limodzi ndi zida zina zowunikira zaukadaulo pakuwonera mozungulira msika.
Ogulitsa mabungwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito VWAP kuchita zawo trades pafupi ndi mtengo wapakati momwe ndingathere, pofuna kuchepetsa kukhudzika kwa msika ndi kutsetsereka. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga penshoni ndi ndalama zapakati pazifukwa zofanana. Kuphatikiza apo, VWAP ikhoza kukhala chida chabwino kwambiri chogulitsira traders, kupereka zidziwitso pamtengo wofananira wamsika, womwe ungakhale malo ofunikira pakutsatsa kwamunthu.
Kumbukirani, monga chida china chilichonse chamalonda, the VWAP si zopusa ndipo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanzeru. Ndi chida chomwe chimapereka chidziwitso ndi chidziwitso, koma pamapeto pake, malonda opambana amadalira njira yozungulira yomwe imaganizira zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi zizindikiro. Motero, traders ndi osunga ndalama ayenera kuchita kafukufuku wathunthu ndikukambirana ndi mlangizi wazachuma musanapange zisankho zilizonse zamalonda.
Sources:
CFA Institute. (2020). Volume Weighted Average Price (VWAP). Kuchokera ku https://www.cfainstitute.org/
Investopedia. (2020). Volume Weighted Average Price (VWAP). Kuchokera ku https://www.investopedia.com/
2.3. Money Flow Index (MFI)
The Money Flow Index (MFI) ndi kuphatikiza kwapadera kwa voliyumu ndi kusanthula mtengo komwe kumapereka traders ndi osunga ndalama amawona bwino ntchito zamsika. Oscillator iyi imayenda pakati pa 0 ndi 100, ndikupereka zidziwitso pazomwe zingagulidwe komanso kugulitsidwa kwambiri pamsika. Kusanthula MFI kungathandize kuzindikira kusinthika kwamitengo ndikutsimikizira mphamvu zomwe zikuchitika.
MFI imawerengedwa posonkhanitsa ndalama zabwino ndi zoipa (kutengera mtengo wamtengo wapatali ndi kuchuluka kwa nthawiyo), kenako ndikupanga chiŵerengero cha ndalama. Zotsatira zake zimalumikizidwa mu equation yomwe imapatsa MFI. MFI imaganizira zonse zamtengo ndi voliyumu, mosiyana ndi zina oscillators zomwe zimangoganizira za mtengo. Izi zimapangitsa MFI kukhala chizindikiro cholimba chomwe chingapereke mawonekedwe ochulukirapo a msika.
Mtengo wapamwamba wa MFI (pamwamba pa 80) umasonyeza mkhalidwe wogulidwa kwambiri pamene mtengo ukhoza kubwerera pansi, pamene mtengo wotsika (pansi pa 20) umasonyeza mkhalidwe wogulitsidwa kwambiri pamene mtengo ukhoza kubwerera mmwamba. Komabe, monga zizindikiro zonse, MFI si yolephera ndipo iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi zida zina ndi njira zowunikira.
Ndikofunikiranso kuzindikira kuti, ngakhale kuti MFI ikhoza kukhala chida chothandiza pakuzindikiritsa zomwe zikuchitika komanso kulosera zam'mbuyo, nthawi zina imatha kupereka zizindikiro zabodza m'misika yosakhazikika. Chifukwa chake, kumvetsetsa bwino za msika ndikofunikira mukamagwiritsa ntchito MFI kupanga zisankho zamalonda.
Kusokoneza ndi mbali ina yofunika kuiganizira posanthula MFI. Ngati mtengo ukhala wokwera kapena wotsika kwambiri womwe sunawonekere mu MFI, ukhoza kuwonetsa kusinthika kwamitengo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mtengo ukukwera kwatsopano koma MFI ikulephera kufika pamtunda watsopano, ikhoza kukhala kusiyana kwa bearish kusonyeza kugulitsa komwe kungagulitse. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ngati mtengo ukugunda pansi watsopano koma MFI sikufika kutsika kwatsopano, kungakhale kusiyana kwa bullish kusonyeza kukakamiza kugula.
Kwenikweni, Money Flow Index ndi chida chosunthika chomwe chitha kuwonjezera phindu ku a trader's arsenal, yopereka chidziwitso pakukwera kwamitengo, mphamvu zamachitidwe, ndikusintha komwe kungachitike. Komabe, monga chida chilichonse chogulitsira, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito MFI mwanzeru, motsatana ndi zizindikiro zina, ndikuganizira za msika wonse.
3. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zizindikiro za Voliyumu Pakupambana Kugulitsa
Zizindikiro zama voliyumu ndi zida zofunika mu a trader's arsenal, kupereka zidziwitso za kuchuluka kwa zochitika pamsika. Zizindikirozi zimatha kupereka mawonekedwe apadera pamayendedwe amsika, ndipo zikagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, zitha kupititsa patsogolo zisankho zamalonda.
Chizindikiro chimodzi chodziwika bwino cha voliyumu ndi Pa Balance Volume (OBV). chizindikiro ichi anawonjezera voliyumu pa masiku pamene mtengo akamaliza apamwamba ndi subtracts voliyumu pa masiku pamene mtengo akumaliza m'munsi kuti apereke okwana okwana. Izi zingathandize traders kuti azindikire zomwe zikuchitika ndi kusintha, komanso kutsimikizira mayendedwe amitengo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati OBV ikukwera koma mtengo sukukwera, zitha kutanthauza kuti kukwera kwamitengo kuli pafupi.[1].
Chizindikiro china champhamvu cha voliyumu ndi Kusintha kwa Volume (VROC). Chida ichi chimayesa kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa voliyumu panthawi yodziwika. Zingathandize traders kuti azindikire zizindikiro zoyamba za kusintha kwa msika, monga kuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi kwa VROC kungasonyeze kuwonjezeka kwa kugula kapena kugulitsa kupanikizika.[2].
The Money Flow Index (MFI) ndi buku lolemera kwambiri la Wachibale Mphamvu Index (RSI). Zimatengera mtengo ndi voliyumu kuyeza kugula ndi kugulitsa kukakamiza. Mtengo wapamwamba wa MFI (pamwamba pa 80) umasonyeza mikhalidwe yotsika mtengo, pamene mtengo wotsika (pansi pa 20) umasonyeza zinthu zogulitsa kwambiri. Izi zingathandize traders kutenga malondavantage za mayendedwe okwera mtengo komanso zosinthika zomwe zingatheke[3].
Kwenikweni, zizindikiro za voliyumu ndi zida zamphamvu zomwe zimatha kukulitsa a tradeKuthekera kwa r kumvetsetsa malingaliro amsika ndikupanga zisankho zodziwika bwino zamalonda. Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zizindikiro zina ndi njira zowunikira kuti ziwonjezeke kuchita bwino.
[1] "Technical Analysis: Pa Balance Volume (OBV)", Investopedia.
[2] "Volume Rate of Change (VROC) Indicator", TradingView.
[3] "Money Flow Index (MFI)", StockCharts.
3.1. Njira Zogwiritsira Ntchito Voliyumu Indicator
Mtengo wa zizindikiro za voliyumu mu gawo la malonda ndi wosatsutsika. Zida zamphamvu izi zimapereka chidziwitso mu malire wa katundu, kulola traders kupanga zisankho zodziwikiratu pazachuma chawo. Koma mungachulukitse bwanji mphamvu zazizindikirozi? Nazi njira zitatu zomwe muyenera kuziganizira.
1. Kutsimikizira Makhalidwe: Voliyumu ikhoza kuthandizira kutsimikizira kutsimikizika kwamayendedwe amitengo. Ngati mtengo wa masheya ukuwonjezeka komanso kuchuluka kwake kukukulirakulira, zikuwonekeratu kuti kukwera mtengo kumathandizidwa ndi ntchito yayikulu yogula. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ngati katundu akukwera pansi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa voliyumu, kugulitsa kupanikizika kukuchititsa kuti mtengo ukhale wotsika. Kugwirizana kumeneku pakati pa mtengo ndi voliyumu ndi chizindikiro chodziwikiratu cha malingaliro a msika kuzinthu zinazake.
2. Zosintha Zowona: Zizindikiro za ma voliyumu zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuti muwone kusintha komwe kungachitike. Kukwera kwadzidzidzi kumatha kuwonetsa kusinthika kwamitengo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mtengo wa masheya ukutsika ndipo kuchuluka kwachulukira mwadzidzidzi, zitha kutanthauza kuti ogula akulowa, zomwe zikuwonetsa kusintha komwe kungachitike.
3. Kuzindikira Kuphulika: Kuphulika kumachitika pamene mtengo wa katundu umayenda pamwamba pa mlingo wina wa kukana kapena pansi pa mlingo wothandizira. Zizindikiro za ma voliyumu zimatha kupereka zizindikiro zochenjeza za kusweka uku. Ngati kuchuluka kwa masheya kuli kokwera kwambiri, zitha kutanthauza kuti kusweka kuli pafupi.
Kumbukirani, ngakhale njirazi zitha kupititsa patsogolo malonda anu, sizopusa. Ndikofunikira kuphatikiza zizindikiro za voliyumu ndi zida zina zowunikira kuti mupange zisankho zamalonda. Voliyumu sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito payekhapayekha koma nthawi zonse iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zizindikiro ndi njira zina.
3.2. Mavuto Oyenera Kupewa Pogwiritsira Ntchito Zosonyeza Kutulutsa Mawu
Dziko lamalonda likhoza kukhala malo achinyengo, odzaza ndi zizindikiro zabodza ndi zizindikiro zosocheretsa. Mmodzi wotero malo kumene traders nthawi zambiri amapunthwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro za kuchuluka. Zizindikiro za voliyumu ndi chida chofunikira mu a trader's arsenal, yopereka chidziwitso pamalingaliro amsika komanso kusinthika kwamitengo komwe kungachitike. Komabe, kuwadalira popanda kuzindikira zofooka zawo kungayambitse zolakwa zazikulu.
Choyamba, vuto lalikulu ndi poganiza kuti zizindikiro za voliyumu ndizopanda nzeru. Palibe chizindikiro chomwe chili changwiro, ndipo zizindikiro za voliyumu ndizosiyana. Traders nthawi zambiri amatanthauzira molakwika ma spikes mu kuchuluka kwake ngati chizindikiro chotsimikizika cha kubweza kwa mtengo. Komabe, kuchuluka kwazamalonda kumatha kuwonetsanso kupitiliza kwa zomwe zikuchitika. M'malo mwake, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa Journal of Finance, kuchuluka kwa malonda okwera nthawi zambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi kupitiliza kwa zomwe zikuchitika kuposa kusintha.
Cholakwika china chofala ndi kulephera kuganizira za msika waukulu. Zizindikiro za kuchuluka kwa mawu siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito paokha. Zimakhala zogwira mtima kwambiri zikagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zida zina zowunikira luso. Mwachitsanzo, kuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi kwa voliyumu pamodzi ndi kuphulika kuchokera ku ndondomeko yophatikizana kungakhale chizindikiro chodalirika chogulira.
Pomaliza, traders nthawi zambiri amagwera mumsampha wa kudalira kwambiri zizindikiro za kuchuluka. Ngakhale zida izi zitha kupereka zidziwitso zofunikira, siziyenera kukhala maziko okhawo pazosankha zamalonda. Njira yabwino yopangira malonda iyenera kuphatikizapo kusakaniza kusanthula kwakukulu, kusanthula kwaukadaulo, ndi njira zowongolera zoopsa.
Kumbukirani, zizindikiro za voliyumu si mpira wa kristalo. Atha kupereka zidziwitso pamalingaliro amsika komanso kusuntha kwamitengo komwe kungachitike, koma siwolephera. Traders omwe amamvetsetsa ndikuwongolera misamphayi ali ndi mwayi wochita bwino m'dziko losakhazikika lazamalonda.
3.3. Kafukufuku Wopambana Wogwiritsa Ntchito Zowonetsa Voliyumu
Chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi cha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino chizindikiro cha voliyumu chikuwoneka pa nkhani ya Paulo Tudor Jones, chinthu chodziwika bwino trader. Mu Black Lolemba lodziwika bwino la 1987, Jones adagwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro za voliyumu pamodzi ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali kuyembekezera kuwonongeka kwa msika. Anatha kufupikitsa msika wogulitsa, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti abweze ndalama zitatu pa thumba lake chaka chimenecho1.
Nthawi ina, Richard Wyckoff, mpainiya wofufuza zaukadaulo, adapanga Wyckoff Method. Njirayi imadalira kwambiri zizindikiro za kuchuluka kwa mfundo zake. Njira ya Wyckoff idaphatikizapo kuphunzira za ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa mayendedwe amitengo ndi kuchuluka kwake, ndikuzindikira kutsika kwamitengo komwe kungachitike. Njira zake zikugwiritsidwabe ntchito kwambiri masiku ano ndipo zathandiza anthu ambiri kuti apambane traders2.
Pomaliza, ndi Pa Balance Volume (OBV) chizindikiro, chopangidwa ndi Joe Granville, ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri chakugwiritsa ntchito chizindikiro cha voliyumu. Chida ichi chimawonjezera voliyumu pamasiku 'okwera' ndikuchotsa voliyumu pamasiku 'otsika'. OBV ikakwera, zikuwonetsa kuti ogula akulolera kulowamo ndikugula pamitengo yokwera. Ili linali lingaliro lachisinthiko panthawiyo ndipo lavomerezedwa ndi ambiri opambana traders. Mwachitsanzo, Granville mwiniwake adagwiritsa ntchito OBV kulosera molondola za kuwonongeka kwa msika wa 19743.
1 - "Paul Tudor Jones: Pezani Madola Mabiliyoni Anu Oyamba Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ma Proven Systems a Top Hedge Fund Billionaires" wolemba Stan Miller
2 - "Studies in Tape Reading" wolemba Richard Wyckoff
3 - "New Strategy of Daily Stock Market Timing for Maximum Profit" ndi Joseph E. Granville
